Math Problem Statement

Physics: find the Initial velocity Horizontal velocity is 60 m highest cliff strikes down 1110 m x direction.

Solution

To find the initial velocity in a projectile motion problem with the given data, we need to determine both the horizontal and vertical components of the velocity.

Here are the key points of your question:

  • Horizontal velocity (vxv_x) = 60 m/s.
  • Horizontal distance (xx) = 1110 m.
  • Vertical motion is affected by gravity, and we need to find the initial velocity (v0v_0).

Step-by-Step Solution

  1. Time of flight:
    The horizontal velocity is constant. Using the horizontal motion equation:
    x=vxtx = v_x \cdot t Substituting the values: 1110=60t1110 = 60 \cdot t Solving for tt: t=111060=18.5seconds.t = \frac{1110}{60} = 18.5 \, \text{seconds}.

  2. Vertical motion:
    The vertical motion is governed by: y=vy0t12gt2y = v_{y0} \cdot t - \frac{1}{2} g t^2 Here:

    • yy is the height of the cliff.
    • vy0v_{y0} is the initial vertical velocity (unknown).
    • gg is the acceleration due to gravity (9.8m/s29.8 \, \text{m/s}^2).
    • tt is 18.5 s (calculated above).

    Since the object strikes the ground, we can rewrite: h=vy0t12gt2-h = v_{y0} \cdot t - \frac{1}{2} g t^2 Rearranging to solve for vy0v_{y0}: vy0=h+12gt2tv_{y0} = \frac{h + \frac{1}{2} g t^2}{t}

  3. Finding the initial vertical velocity (vy0v_{y0}):
    If the cliff’s height (hh) is unknown, you need to provide it. If not explicitly given, we assume h=0h = 0 as a simplified case.

    Assuming h=0h = 0, then: vy0=12gt2tv_{y0} = \frac{\frac{1}{2} g t^2}{t} Substituting g=9.8m/s2g = 9.8 \, \text{m/s}^2 and t=18.5st = 18.5 \, \text{s}: vy0=0+12(9.8)(18.5)218.5v_{y0} = \frac{0 + \frac{1}{2} (9.8) (18.5)^2}{18.5}

    Solve this equation for vy0v_{y0}.

  4. Resultant Initial Velocity (v0v_0):
    Once vy0v_{y0} is found, combine it with vxv_x to find the magnitude of the total initial velocity: v0=vx2+vy02v_0 = \sqrt{v_x^2 + v_{y0}^2}

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Projectile Motion
Kinematics
Horizontal and Vertical Motion

Formulas

x = v_x * t (Horizontal motion)
y = v_{y0} * t - (1/2) * g * t^2 (Vertical motion)
v_0 = √(v_x^2 + v_{y0}^2) (Resultant initial velocity)

Theorems

Equations of Motion
Pythagorean Theorem for Resultant Velocity

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 10-12