Math Problem Statement

Find the equation of a hyperplane through the origin in the direction of the vectors (1, 2, 2) and (4, 1, -1). Where does the above plane intersect the line given by x₁ = -t + 2, x₂ = 2t - 1 and x₃ = t + 3?

Solution

The problem asks you to:

  1. Find the equation of a hyperplane passing through the origin and in the direction of the vectors v1=(1,2,2)\mathbf{v}_1 = (1, 2, 2) and v2=(4,1,1)\mathbf{v}_2 = (4, 1, -1).
  2. Find where this hyperplane intersects the line given by the parametric equations: x1=t+2,x2=2t1,x3=t+3x_1 = -t + 2, \quad x_2 = 2t - 1, \quad x_3 = t + 3

Part 1: Equation of the Hyperplane

The equation of a hyperplane in 3D space through the origin can be expressed as: a1x1+a2x2+a3x3=0a_1x_1 + a_2x_2 + a_3x_3 = 0 The normal vector to the hyperplane will be perpendicular to both given vectors v1=(1,2,2)\mathbf{v}_1 = (1, 2, 2) and v2=(4,1,1)\mathbf{v}_2 = (4, 1, -1). To find the normal vector n\mathbf{n}, we can compute the cross product v1×v2\mathbf{v}_1 \times \mathbf{v}_2.

Part 2: Intersection of the Hyperplane and the Line

Substitute the parametric equations of the line into the equation of the hyperplane and solve for the value of tt at which the line intersects the hyperplane.

Let me perform these calculations step-by-step.

Step 1: Find the Cross Product

The cross product of v1=(1,2,2)\mathbf{v}_1 = (1, 2, 2) and v2=(4,1,1)\mathbf{v}_2 = (4, 1, -1) is computed as: n=v1×v2=ijk122411\mathbf{n} = \mathbf{v}_1 \times \mathbf{v}_2 = \begin{vmatrix} \mathbf{i} & \mathbf{j} & \mathbf{k} \\ 1 & 2 & 2 \\ 4 & 1 & -1 \end{vmatrix}

This yields: n=i(2(1)2(1))j(1(1)2(4))+k(1(1)2(4))\mathbf{n} = \mathbf{i}(2(-1) - 2(1)) - \mathbf{j}(1(-1) - 2(4)) + \mathbf{k}(1(1) - 2(4))

Let me compute this. numpy as np

Define vectors v1 and v2

v1 = np.array([1, 2, 2]) v2 = np.array([4, 1, -1])

Compute the cross product

n = np.cross(v1, v2) n

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Hyperplanes
Vector Cross Product
Intersection of Line and Plane

Formulas

Equation of a hyperplane: a₁x₁ + a₂x₂ + a₃x₃ = 0
Cross product formula for vectors
Parametric equations for a line

Theorems

Properties of cross products
Intersection of line and plane

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12