Math Problem Statement

Sketch the graph of a function that has a hole/removable discontinuity at x = 1, a jump discontinuity at x = 2 and a vertical asymptote/infinite discontinuity at x = 3. Copyright ©2024 UConn Department of Mathematics. All rights reserved. Page 4

Solution

To sketch a function with the given discontinuities, follow these conditions:

  1. Hole (removable discontinuity) at x=1x = 1:

    • The function is defined everywhere except at x=1x = 1.
    • There is a point missing (a hole) at x=1x = 1.
    • The function may have a limit at x=1x = 1, but it does not take that value.
  2. Jump discontinuity at x=2x = 2:

    • The left-hand limit (limx2f(x)\lim_{x \to 2^-} f(x)) and right-hand limit (limx2+f(x)\lim_{x \to 2^+} f(x)) exist but are not equal.
    • This creates a sudden jump in the graph at x=2x = 2.
  3. Vertical asymptote at x=3x = 3 (infinite discontinuity):

    • The function approaches infinity (++\infty or -\infty) as xx approaches 3.
    • The graph gets arbitrarily large or small near x=3x = 3.

Possible Function Definition:

A function that satisfies these conditions could be:

\begin{cases} \frac{x^2 - 1}{x - 1}, & x \neq 1, x < 2 \quad \text{(hole at $$x = 1$$)} \\ 2, & x = 1 \quad \text{(hole, value not included in function)} \\ 3, & x = 2^- \quad \text{(left-hand limit at $$x = 2$$)} \\ 1, & x = 2^+ \quad \text{(right-hand limit at $$x = 2$$)} \\ \frac{1}{x - 3}, & x > 2, x \neq 3 \quad \text{(vertical asymptote at $$x = 3$$)} \end{cases}$$ ### Sketching the Graph: - **At $$x = 1$$,** draw a small open circle where the hole is. - **At $$x = 2$$,** show a jump by plotting different points for the left and right limits. - **At $$x = 3$$,** show the function approaching positive or negative infinity on either side of the vertical asymptote. Would you like a visual sketch of this function? --- ### Related Questions: 1. What is the formal definition of removable and jump discontinuities? 2. How do you find vertical asymptotes of a rational function? 3. What are the differences between discontinuities in piecewise functions and rational functions? 4. Can a function have more than one removable discontinuity? 5. How do limits help classify discontinuities? **Tip:** A removable discontinuity occurs when a function is undefined at a point, but the limit exists. If you redefine the function at that point, continuity can be restored.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Calculus
Discontinuities
Piecewise Functions
Asymptotes

Formulas

f(x) = (x^2 - 1)/(x - 1)
f(x) = 1/(x - 3)

Theorems

Limit Theorem
Definition of Continuity
Asymptote Behavior

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12