To determine the intervals over which the function $f(x)$ is increasing, decreasing, or constant, we need to analyze the graph provided.

Analyzing the Graph:

1. Increasing Intervals: A function is increasing where the graph moves upwards as we move from left to right.
2. Decreasing Intervals: A function is decreasing where the graph moves downwards as we move from left to right.
3. Constant Intervals: A function is constant where the graph remains flat or horizontal.

Observing the Graph:

• Increasing: The graph increases from $x = -3$ to $x = -1$.
• Constant: The graph is constant (flat) from $x = -1$ to $x = 2$.
• Decreasing: The graph decreases from $x = 2$ to $x = 4$.

Interval Notation:

(a) Increasing Interval:

• The function is increasing on the interval:
  $(-3, -1)$

(b) Decreasing Interval:

• The function is decreasing on the interval:
  $(2, 4)$

(c) Constant Interval:

• The function is constant on the interval:
  $(-1, 2)$

Would you like further details, or do you have any questions?

Here are some additional questions related to the graph:

1. What happens to the function's value as $x \to -3$?
2. Can a function be both increasing and decreasing on the same interval?
3. How would the intervals change if there was a point of discontinuity?
4. What is the domain of the function depicted in the graph?
5. How does the graph reflect the range of the function?

Tip: When interpreting graphs, pay attention to the direction of movement to determine if a function is increasing, decreasing, or constant over certain intervals.