Math Problem Statement

Suppose f(x) = √(x² - 2x + 6) and g(x) = 7x + 3. Find (f ∘ g)(x) and (f ∘ g)(-3).

Solution

We are given the following functions:

  • f(x)=x22x+6f(x) = \sqrt{x^2 - 2x + 6}
  • g(x)=7x+3g(x) = 7x + 3

1. Finding (fg)(x)(f \circ g)(x):

The composition (fg)(x)(f \circ g)(x) means we need to substitute g(x)g(x) into f(x)f(x), so:

(fg)(x)=f(g(x))=f(7x+3)(f \circ g)(x) = f(g(x)) = f(7x + 3)

Substitute 7x+37x + 3 into the expression for f(x)f(x):

f(7x+3)=(7x+3)22(7x+3)+6f(7x + 3) = \sqrt{(7x + 3)^2 - 2(7x + 3) + 6}

Now, simplify step by step:

  • First, expand (7x+3)2(7x + 3)^2: (7x+3)2=49x2+42x+9(7x + 3)^2 = 49x^2 + 42x + 9
  • Next, expand 2(7x+3)-2(7x + 3): 2(7x+3)=14x6-2(7x + 3) = -14x - 6
  • Now, substitute these back into the square root: f(7x+3)=49x2+42x+914x6+6f(7x + 3) = \sqrt{49x^2 + 42x + 9 - 14x - 6 + 6} Simplifying the terms: f(7x+3)=49x2+28x+9f(7x + 3) = \sqrt{49x^2 + 28x + 9}

2. Finding (fg)(3)(f \circ g)(-3):

Now, substitute x=3x = -3 into (fg)(x)(f \circ g)(x):

(fg)(3)=49(3)2+28(3)+9(f \circ g)(-3) = \sqrt{49(-3)^2 + 28(-3) + 9} First, calculate each term:

49(3)2=49(9)=44149(-3)^2 = 49(9) = 441 28(3)=8428(-3) = -84 44184+9=366441 - 84 + 9 = 366

So:

(fg)(3)=366(f \circ g)(-3) = \sqrt{366}

Thus, (fg)(3)19.13(f \circ g)(-3) \approx 19.13 (since 36619.13\sqrt{366} \approx 19.13).


Would you like any additional details or clarification?

Here are 5 related questions for further exploration:

  1. How do we verify the domain of the composite function fgf \circ g?
  2. What are the steps for calculating the derivative of f(x)=x22x+6f(x) = \sqrt{x^2 - 2x + 6}?
  3. How would you evaluate (fg)(x)(f \circ g)(x) for a different value, say x=2x = 2?
  4. How do the graphs of f(x)f(x), g(x)g(x), and fg(x)f \circ g(x) compare?
  5. What if g(x)g(x) was a quadratic function instead of a linear one?

Tip: When performing function composition, ensure the input into the outer function is valid for the function's domain!

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Function Composition
Algebra
Square Roots

Formulas

f(x) = √(x² - 2x + 6)
g(x) = 7x + 3
(f ∘ g)(x) = f(g(x))

Theorems

Function Composition

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 9-12