Math Problem Statement

What is the five-number summary for the data 0, 2, 2, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 7, 11? When the minimum, 0, is removed from the data set, what is the five-number summary?

Solution

The question in the image is asking to calculate the five-number summary for a given data set.

The data set:

0,2,2,4,5,5,5,5,7,110, 2, 2, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 7, 11

Step-by-step five-number summary:

  1. Minimum: The smallest number in the data set. Minimum=0\text{Minimum} = 0

  2. First Quartile (Q1): The median of the lower half of the data (excluding the overall median). The lower half is 0,2,2,4,50, 2, 2, 4, 5.

    • The median of this set is 22 (second value). Q1=2Q1 = 2
  3. Median (Q2): The middle number of the data set. Since there are 10 data points, the median is the average of the 5th and 6th values, which are both 55. Q2=5Q2 = 5

  4. Third Quartile (Q3): The median of the upper half of the data (excluding the overall median). The upper half is 5,5,5,7,115, 5, 5, 7, 11.

    • The median of this set is 55. Q3=5Q3 = 5
  5. Maximum: The largest number in the data set. Maximum=11\text{Maximum} = 11

The five-number summary is:

Five-number summary=0,2,5,5,11\text{Five-number summary} = 0, 2, 5, 5, 11


Now for part b, the minimum value (0) is removed, so the new data set becomes: 2,2,4,5,5,5,5,7,112, 2, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 7, 11.

Recalculating the five-number summary:

  1. Minimum: Minimum=2\text{Minimum} = 2

  2. First Quartile (Q1): The lower half is 2,2,4,52, 2, 4, 5. The median of this set is 33 (average of 22 and 44). Q1=3Q1 = 3

  3. Median (Q2): The median of the data set is the middle value, which is 55. Q2=5Q2 = 5

  4. Third Quartile (Q3): The upper half is 5,5,7,115, 5, 7, 11. The median of this set is 66 (average of 55 and 77). Q3=6Q3 = 6

  5. Maximum: Maximum=11\text{Maximum} = 11

The new five-number summary is:

Five-number summary without 0=2,3,5,6,11\text{Five-number summary without 0} = 2, 3, 5, 6, 11


Let me know if you'd like further details or explanations.

Here are 5 related questions:

  1. How does the five-number summary help in understanding the distribution of data?
  2. What is the significance of the median in a five-number summary?
  3. How do outliers affect the five-number summary?
  4. Can you calculate the interquartile range (IQR) from the five-number summary?
  5. What would the five-number summary look like for a different data set?

Tip: The interquartile range (IQR) is a useful measure of spread and is calculated as Q3Q1Q3 - Q1.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Statistics
Five-number Summary
Quartiles
Data Distribution

Formulas

Five-number summary includes: minimum, first quartile (Q1), median (Q2), third quartile (Q3), maximum

Theorems

Quartile Calculation

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 6-8