Math Problem Statement

The line y = 2x - 3 touches the curve y = x^2 + kx + 6. Find the possible values of k.

Solution

We are given the line y=2x3y = 2x - 3 and the curve y=x2+kx+6y = x^2 + kx + 6, and we are asked to find the possible values of kk such that the line touches the curve. This means the line is tangent to the curve, implying they intersect at exactly one point.

Step 1: Set the equations equal to find the point(s) of intersection

We equate the expressions for yy from the line and the curve:

2x3=x2+kx+62x - 3 = x^2 + kx + 6

Step 2: Rearrange the equation to form a quadratic

Move all terms to one side:

x2+(k2)x+9=0x^2 + (k - 2)x + 9 = 0

This is a quadratic equation in xx, and for the line to be tangent to the curve, this quadratic must have exactly one solution. For a quadratic to have one solution, its discriminant must be zero.

Step 3: Apply the discriminant condition

The discriminant Δ\Delta of a quadratic equation ax2+bx+c=0ax^2 + bx + c = 0 is given by:

Δ=b24ac\Delta = b^2 - 4ac

For the quadratic x2+(k2)x+9=0x^2 + (k - 2)x + 9 = 0, we have:

  • a=1a = 1,
  • b=k2b = k - 2,
  • c=9c = 9.

Substituting into the discriminant formula:

Δ=(k2)24(1)(9)=(k2)236\Delta = (k - 2)^2 - 4(1)(9) = (k - 2)^2 - 36

Step 4: Set the discriminant to zero

For the quadratic to have exactly one solution, the discriminant must be zero:

(k2)236=0(k - 2)^2 - 36 = 0

(k2)2=36(k - 2)^2 = 36

Step 5: Solve for kk

Take the square root of both sides:

k2=±6k - 2 = \pm 6

This gives two possible solutions for kk:

k2=6ork2=6k - 2 = 6 \quad \text{or} \quad k - 2 = -6

Solving for kk:

k=8ork=4k = 8 \quad \text{or} \quad k = -4

Final Answer:

The possible values of kk are 8\boxed{8} and 4\boxed{-4}.

Would you like more details on any step, or have further questions?

Here are 5 related questions to explore:

  1. What is the geometric significance of the discriminant being zero?
  2. How would the solution change if the line and curve intersected at two points?
  3. Can the tangent condition be used for curves other than parabolas?
  4. How do you find the point of tangency once you know kk?
  5. What happens if the discriminant is negative in such problems?

Tip: The discriminant of a quadratic equation helps determine the number and nature of solutions—real and distinct, real and equal, or complex!

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Algebra
Quadratic Equations
Discriminant
Tangency

Formulas

Quadratic formula: ax^2 + bx + c = 0
Discriminant formula: Δ = b^2 - 4ac

Theorems

Discriminant Condition for Tangency
Quadratic Formula

Suitable Grade Level

Grade 10-12