Math Problem Statement
%In this activity you will find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a square matrix.
%Consider the following matrix.
A = [3 1 0; 0 3 1; 0 0 3]
%Use the command poly() to find the characteristic polynomial.
CharacteristicPoly = poly(A)
%Use the command roots() to find the eigenvalues.
eigenvalues = roots(CharacteristicPoly)
%The eig() command returns diagonal matrix D of eigenvalues and matrix V whose
%columns are the corresponding eigenvectors. For example, the value on the diagional
%in the first column of D is the eigenvalue associated with the eigenvector in the first
%column of V. The eigenvectors in V are normalized, each having a magnitude of 1.
[V, D] = eig(A)
Use the following matrix C for this activity. C=(6 3 -8, 0 -2 0, 1 0 -3)
%Enter the matrix C.
%Find the coefficients of the characteristic polynomial. Store them in PolyCoeffs.
%Use the command roots() to find the eigenvalues. Store them in evals.
%Use the eig() command. Store the eigenvalues in matrix eigDiag. Store the associated
%eigenvectors in eigV.
Solution
Here are the results for matrix :
-
Characteristic Polynomial Coefficients (PolyCoeffs):
-
Eigenvalues (evals):
The second and third eigenvalues are complex but have a negligible imaginary part, indicating they are approximately . -
Eigenvalues from
eig()
(eigDiag):
-
Eigenvectors (eigV) (each column corresponds to an eigenvector):
0.9923 & 0.7071 & 0.7071 \\ 0 & 0 & 7.327 \times 10^{-16} \\ 0.1240 & 0.7071 & 0.7071 \end{bmatrix}$$
Let me know if you need further details or explanations!
Here are 5 relative questions to consider:
- How are the eigenvalues of a matrix related to its characteristic polynomial?
- Why are the eigenvectors normalized to have a magnitude of 1?
- What is the geometric interpretation of eigenvectors and eigenvalues?
- How does the multiplicity of eigenvalues affect the matrix's diagonalization?
- How can you confirm whether a matrix is diagonalizable?
Tip: A matrix is diagonalizable if it has enough linearly independent eigenvectors, equal to its size (n distinct eigenvectors for an matrix).
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Math Problem Analysis
Mathematical Concepts
Linear Algebra
Eigenvalues
Eigenvectors
Matrices
Characteristic Polynomial
Formulas
Characteristic Polynomial
Eigenvalue Equation: Ax = λx
Theorems
Eigenvalue Decomposition Theorem
Diagonalization
Suitable Grade Level
Undergraduate