Math Problem Statement

The equation of a curve is y = a + bx^{-1} - 9x^{-2} where a and b are constants. The maximum point on this curve is (3, 4.4). Find the value of a.

Solution

To find the value of aa, we start by using the information given in the problem.

The equation of the curve is: y=a+bx19x2y = a + bx^{-1} - 9x^{-2} where aa and bb are constants. We're also told that the maximum point on this curve is (3,4.4)(3, 4.4).

Since (3,4.4)(3, 4.4) is a maximum point, two conditions hold:

  1. The function value at x=3x = 3 should be y=4.4y = 4.4.
  2. The derivative dydx\frac{dy}{dx} at x=3x = 3 should be zero (since it's a maximum point).

Step 1: Differentiate yy with respect to xx

To find the derivative, dydx\frac{dy}{dx}, we differentiate each term in the equation: y=a+bx19x2y = a + bx^{-1} - 9x^{-2}

The derivative is: dydx=0bx2+18x3\frac{dy}{dx} = 0 - b x^{-2} + 18x^{-3} or equivalently, dydx=bx2+18x3\frac{dy}{dx} = -\frac{b}{x^2} + \frac{18}{x^3}

Step 2: Set dydx=0\frac{dy}{dx} = 0 at x=3x = 3

Since the maximum point occurs at x=3x = 3, we set dydx=0\frac{dy}{dx} = 0 when x=3x = 3: b32+1833=0-\frac{b}{3^2} + \frac{18}{3^3} = 0 Simplify: b9+1827=0-\frac{b}{9} + \frac{18}{27} = 0 b9+23=0-\frac{b}{9} + \frac{2}{3} = 0

Multiply through by 9 to clear the fraction: b+6=0-b + 6 = 0 b=6b = 6

Step 3: Substitute x=3x = 3, y=4.4y = 4.4, and b=6b = 6 into the original equation to solve for aa

Now, substitute x=3x = 3, y=4.4y = 4.4, and b=6b = 6 into the equation y=a+bx19x2y = a + bx^{-1} - 9x^{-2}: 4.4=a+6319324.4 = a + 6 \cdot 3^{-1} - 9 \cdot 3^{-2}

Calculate each term: 4.4=a+6139194.4 = a + 6 \cdot \frac{1}{3} - 9 \cdot \frac{1}{9} 4.4=a+214.4 = a + 2 - 1 4.4=a+14.4 = a + 1

Solve for aa: a=4.41a = 4.4 - 1 a=3.4a = 3.4

Final Answer

The value of aa is: 3.4\boxed{3.4}

Would you like further details on any of the steps?


Here are some related questions that might help deepen your understanding:

  1. What is the significance of the derivative being zero at a maximum point?
  2. How would you approach this problem if given only the minimum point instead of the maximum?
  3. Why does substituting values of xx and yy into the original function help us solve for constants?
  4. What role does the second derivative play in determining whether a point is a maximum?
  5. Can this method be extended to solve for more complex functions?

Tip: When finding maxima or minima, remember to check both the first and second derivatives to confirm the nature of the critical points.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Calculus
Derivatives
Curve Sketching

Formulas

Derivative of y = a + bx^{-1} - 9x^{-2}

Theorems

First Derivative Test

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12