Math Problem Statement

Find the constant 'k' so that the vector a = i + 2j - k k is perpendicular to the vector b = 3i - 2j + k.

Solution

The image is slightly blurry, but I'll do my best to extract and interpret the mathematical content from it.

From what I can make out, the problem seems to be asking to "Find the constant 'k' so that the vector a=i+2jkk\mathbf{a} = \mathbf{i} + 2\mathbf{j} - k\mathbf{k} is perpendicular to the vector b=3i2j+k\mathbf{b} = 3\mathbf{i} - 2\mathbf{j} + \mathbf{k}."

To solve this, we use the concept that two vectors are perpendicular if their dot product is zero.

The dot product of vectors a=a1i+a2j+a3k\mathbf{a} = a_1\mathbf{i} + a_2\mathbf{j} + a_3\mathbf{k} and b=b1i+b2j+b3k\mathbf{b} = b_1\mathbf{i} + b_2\mathbf{j} + b_3\mathbf{k} is given by:

ab=a1b1+a2b2+a3b3\mathbf{a} \cdot \mathbf{b} = a_1b_1 + a_2b_2 + a_3b_3

Here, a=i+2jkk\mathbf{a} = \mathbf{i} + 2\mathbf{j} - k\mathbf{k} and b=3i2j+k\mathbf{b} = 3\mathbf{i} - 2\mathbf{j} + \mathbf{k}.

So the dot product is:

ab=(1)(3)+(2)(2)+(k)(1)\mathbf{a} \cdot \mathbf{b} = (1)(3) + (2)(-2) + (-k)(1)

Simplifying:

ab=34k=1k\mathbf{a} \cdot \mathbf{b} = 3 - 4 - k = -1 - k

For the vectors to be perpendicular:

1k=0-1 - k = 0

Solving for kk:

k=1k = -1

Thus, the constant kk is 1-1.

Would you like more details on this problem, or do you have any other questions?


Here are five related questions to deepen your understanding:

  1. What is the significance of the dot product in vector analysis?
  2. Can two non-zero vectors be perpendicular if one of them is a zero vector?
  3. How would you determine if two vectors are parallel instead of perpendicular?
  4. What does it mean for two vectors to be orthogonal in 3-dimensional space?
  5. How would you find the angle between two vectors using their dot product?

Tip: Always verify your vector components carefully when calculating dot products, as a small mistake can lead to incorrect conclusions.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Vector Algebra
Perpendicular Vectors
Dot Product

Formulas

Dot product formula: a · b = a1*b1 + a2*b2 + a3*b3

Theorems

Perpendicular Vectors Theorem

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 9-12