Math Problem Statement

Find the nth term of the sequence

9, 24, 45, 72, 105, …

Solution

The given sequence is:
9,24,45,72,105,9, 24, 45, 72, 105, \dots

To find the general formula for the nth term of this sequence, let's analyze the pattern.

  1. First differences:
    249=1524 - 9 = 15
    4524=2145 - 24 = 21
    7245=2772 - 45 = 27
    10572=33105 - 72 = 33

The first differences are increasing by 6 each time, indicating a quadratic sequence.

  1. Second differences:
    2115=621 - 15 = 6
    2721=627 - 21 = 6
    3327=633 - 27 = 6

Since the second differences are constant, this is a quadratic sequence. The general form of the nth term for a quadratic sequence is:

Tn=an2+bn+cT_n = an^2 + bn + c

We now need to determine the coefficients aa, bb, and cc.

  1. Setting up equations:
    We know the first few terms of the sequence:
  • T1=9T_1 = 9
  • T2=24T_2 = 24
  • T3=45T_3 = 45

Substitute these into the general form:

T1=a(1)2+b(1)+c=9a+b+c=9T_1 = a(1)^2 + b(1) + c = 9 \quad \Rightarrow \quad a + b + c = 9 T2=a(2)2+b(2)+c=244a+2b+c=24T_2 = a(2)^2 + b(2) + c = 24 \quad \Rightarrow \quad 4a + 2b + c = 24 T3=a(3)2+b(3)+c=459a+3b+c=45T_3 = a(3)^2 + b(3) + c = 45 \quad \Rightarrow \quad 9a + 3b + c = 45

We now have a system of three equations:

  1. a+b+c=9a + b + c = 9
  2. 4a+2b+c=244a + 2b + c = 24
  3. ( 9a

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Sequences
Quadratic Sequences
Algebra

Formulas

General formula for quadratic sequences: T_n = an^2 + bn + c

Theorems

Quadratic sequence analysis based on constant second differences

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 9-11