Math Problem Statement

Find the length of the curve. r(t) = 6 i + 4t^2 j + 3t^3 k, 0 ≤ t ≤ 1

Solution

To find the length of the curve described by the vector function r(t)=6i+4t2j+3t3k\mathbf{r}(t) = 6\,\mathbf{i} + 4t^2\,\mathbf{j} + 3t^3\,\mathbf{k}, we can use the following formula for the length of a space curve:

L=abr(t)dtL = \int_{a}^{b} |\mathbf{r}'(t)| \, dt

where r(t)\mathbf{r}'(t) is the derivative of the vector function r(t)\mathbf{r}(t), and r(t)|\mathbf{r}'(t)| is the magnitude of the derivative. The limits of integration are given by a=0a = 0 and b=1b = 1 in this case.

Step 1: Find r(t)\mathbf{r}'(t)

The derivative of the vector function r(t)\mathbf{r}(t) is:

r(t)=ddt(6i+4t2j+3t3k)\mathbf{r}'(t) = \frac{d}{dt}(6\,\mathbf{i} + 4t^2\,\mathbf{j} + 3t^3\,\mathbf{k}) r(t)=0i+8tj+9t2k\mathbf{r}'(t) = 0\,\mathbf{i} + 8t\,\mathbf{j} + 9t^2\,\mathbf{k} r(t)=8tj+9t2k\mathbf{r}'(t) = 8t\,\mathbf{j} + 9t^2\,\mathbf{k}

Step 2: Find r(t)|\mathbf{r}'(t)|

The magnitude of r(t)\mathbf{r}'(t) is:

r(t)=(0)2+(8t)2+(9t2)2|\mathbf{r}'(t)| = \sqrt{(0)^2 + (8t)^2 + (9t^2)^2} r(t)=64t2+81t4|\mathbf{r}'(t)| = \sqrt{64t^2 + 81t^4} r(t)=t2(64+81t2)|\mathbf{r}'(t)| = \sqrt{t^2(64 + 81t^2)} r(t)=t64+81t2|\mathbf{r}'(t)| = t\sqrt{64 + 81t^2}

Step 3: Set up the integral

Now, integrate from t=0t = 0 to t=1t = 1:

L=01t64+81t2dtL = \int_{0}^{1} t \sqrt{64 + 81t^2} \, dt

This integral requires substitution. Let's use the substitution u=64+81t2u = 64 + 81t^2, hence du=162tdtdu = 162t\, dt.

Step 4: Solve the integral

Now we can calculate the integral to find the length. Let me do the calculation.The length of the curve is:

L=512243+145145243L = \frac{-512}{243} + \frac{145\sqrt{145}}{243}

This is the exact expression for the curve length. If you'd like, I can also provide the numerical approximation of this value.

Would you like further details or an approximation?

Here are 5 related questions to deepen your understanding:

  1. What is the physical significance of the length of a curve in vector calculus?
  2. How does the derivative of a vector function relate to the velocity vector in physics?
  3. Can you find the curvature of a curve given a vector function?
  4. What are some methods for solving more complex integrals involving square roots?
  5. How would the solution change if the curve was parametrized differently?

Tip: When dealing with integrals involving square roots, substitution is often the key to simplifying the expression.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Vector Calculus
Curve Length
Parametric Equations

Formulas

L = ∫ |r'(t)| dt (Length of a space curve)
r'(t) = 0i + 8tj + 9t^2k
|r'(t)| = √(64t^2 + 81t^4)

Theorems

Fundamental Theorem of Calculus

Suitable Grade Level

College Level - Calculus III