Math Problem Statement

Find the length of the curve r(t) = i + 6t^2 j + t^3 k, 0 ≤ t ≤ sqrt(33).

Solution

We are tasked with finding the length LL of the curve described by the vector function:

r(t)=i+6t2j+t3k,0t33\mathbf{r}(t) = \mathbf{i} + 6t^2 \mathbf{j} + t^3 \mathbf{k}, \quad 0 \leq t \leq \sqrt{33}

The formula for the length of a curve given by a vector function r(t)\mathbf{r}(t) is:

L=abr(t)dtL = \int_{a}^{b} \|\mathbf{r}'(t)\| \, dt

Here, r(t)\mathbf{r}'(t) represents the derivative of r(t)\mathbf{r}(t) with respect to tt, and r(t)\|\mathbf{r}'(t)\| is the magnitude of this derivative.

Step 1: Compute r(t)\mathbf{r}'(t)

We differentiate each component of r(t)=i+6t2j+t3k\mathbf{r}(t) = \mathbf{i} + 6t^2 \mathbf{j} + t^3 \mathbf{k}:

r(t)=ddt(i+6t2j+t3k)=0i+12tj+3t2k\mathbf{r}'(t) = \frac{d}{dt}(\mathbf{i} + 6t^2 \mathbf{j} + t^3 \mathbf{k}) = 0 \mathbf{i} + 12t \mathbf{j} + 3t^2 \mathbf{k}

Thus, the derivative is:

r(t)=12tj+3t2k\mathbf{r}'(t) = 12t \mathbf{j} + 3t^2 \mathbf{k}

Step 2: Compute the magnitude r(t)\|\mathbf{r}'(t)\|

The magnitude of r(t)\mathbf{r}'(t) is:

r(t)=(12t)2+(3t2)2\|\mathbf{r}'(t)\| = \sqrt{(12t)^2 + (3t^2)^2}

Simplifying:

r(t)=144t2+9t4=9t2(16+t2)=3t16+t2\|\mathbf{r}'(t)\| = \sqrt{144t^2 + 9t^4} = \sqrt{9t^2(16 + t^2)} = 3t\sqrt{16 + t^2}

Step 3: Set up the integral

Now, we can set up the integral for the curve length:

L=0333t16+t2dtL = \int_0^{\sqrt{33}} 3t\sqrt{16 + t^2} \, dt

Step 4: Solve the integral

We'll now proceed with solving this integral. Let me calculate that.The length of the curve is L=279L = 279.

Would you like more details or have any questions about the solution?

Here are 5 related questions to consider:

  1. How is the formula for the arc length of a curve derived from the vector function?
  2. What are the steps for finding the magnitude of a derivative in parametric curves?
  3. How would the arc length change if the limits of integration were different?
  4. What if one of the components of the curve r(t)\mathbf{r}(t) had a trigonometric function?
  5. How do we interpret the physical meaning of curve length in different contexts?

Tip: When finding arc length, always check if simplifying the integrand helps before applying more complex integration techniques.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Vector Calculus
Curve Length
Parametric Equations

Formulas

Length of a curve: L = ∫ |r'(t)| dt
Magnitude of a vector: |r'(t)| = sqrt((dx/dt)^2 + (dy/dt)^2 + (dz/dt)^2)

Theorems

Arc Length Formula for Parametric Curves

Suitable Grade Level

Undergraduate Mathematics