Math Problem Statement

Given a geometric sequence whose 3rd term = 18 and 7th term = 1458.

Find the 1st term.

2 points

Solution

In a geometric sequence, each term is found using the formula:

an=a1rn1a_n = a_1 \cdot r^{n-1}

where:

  • ana_n is the nn-th term,
  • a1a_1 is the first term,
  • rr is the common ratio,
  • nn is the position of the term in the sequence.

We are given:

  • The 3rd term a3=18a_3 = 18,
  • The 7th term a7=1458a_7 = 1458.

Let's set up the equations for the 3rd and 7th terms.

For the 3rd term:

a3=a1r31=a1r2=18a_3 = a_1 \cdot r^{3-1} = a_1 \cdot r^2 = 18

For the 7th term:

a7=a1r71=a1r6=1458a_7 = a_1 \cdot r^{7-1} = a_1 \cdot r^6 = 1458

So, we have the system of two equations:

  1. a1r2=18a_1 \cdot r^2 = 18
  2. a1r6=1458a_1 \cdot r^6 = 1458

Step 1: Solve for a1a_1 in terms of rr

From equation (1), we can express a1a_1 as:

a1=18r2a_1 = \frac{18}{r^2}

Step 2: Substitute into equation (2)

Substitute this expression for a1a_1 into the second equation:

18r2r6=1458\frac{18}{r^2} \cdot r^6 = 1458

Simplify the equation:

18r4=145818 \cdot r^4 = 1458

Step 3: Solve for r4r^4

Now divide both sides by 18:

r4=145818=81r^4 = \frac{1458}{18} = 81

Step 4: Solve for rr

Take the fourth root of both sides:

r=814=3r = \sqrt[4]{81} = 3

Step 5: Find a1a_1

Now that we know r=3r = 3, substitute this back into the equation for a1a_1:

a1=18r2=1832=189=2a_1 = \frac{18}{r^2} = \frac{18}{3^2} = \frac{18}{9} = 2

So, the first term is 2\boxed{2}.

Would you like any further details on this solution? Or do you have another question?


Here are some related questions you might find interesting:

  1. What is the common ratio rr for the geometric sequence?
  2. How can we use the formula for the nn-th term of a geometric sequence to find specific terms?
  3. How does the common ratio affect the growth or decay of the sequence?
  4. How can the geometric mean be calculated from two terms of a geometric sequence?
  5. What is the general form of the sum of a geometric series?

Tip: When working with geometric sequences, it's often helpful to use logarithms if you need to solve for exponents.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Geometric Sequences
Algebra

Formulas

a_n = a_1 * r^(n-1)

Theorems

Geometric Sequence Formula

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 9-11