Math Problem Statement

Evaluate the integral from 0 to infinity involving hyperbolic functions, including csch, sech, and tanh, with terms dependent on x and π.

Solution

The given image contains a mathematical integral and its evaluation. Let me analyze and rewrite it in LaTeX for clarity:

The Problem

0πx(πx\csch(πx)(π2x2+6πx(coth(πx)+\csch2(πx)+6)3(π2x22)\sech(πx))24tanh(πx))x5dx\int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{\pi x \Big( \pi x \csch(\pi x) \Big( \pi^2 x^2 + 6\pi x \Big(\coth(\pi x) + \csch^2(\pi x) + 6\Big) - 3\Big(\pi^2 x^2 - 2\Big)\sech(\pi x) \Big) - 24 \tanh(\pi x) \Big)}{x^5} \, dx

The Solution (as given)

=12π3G+2log(2)π4π53744ζ(5)+π8ψ(3)(14)= 12 \pi^3 G + 2 \log(2) \pi^4 - \frac{\pi^5}{3} - 744 \zeta(5) + \frac{\pi}{8} \psi^{(3)} \left( \frac{1}{4} \right)

Where:

  • GG is the Catalan's constant,
  • ζ(5)\zeta(5) is the Riemann zeta function at 55,
  • ψ(3)\psi^{(3)} is the polygamma function of order 33.

Would you like me to:

  1. Provide a detailed step-by-step solution for evaluating this integral?
  2. Explain the components of the solution (e.g., Catalan's constant, Riemann zeta, polygamma)?
  3. Verify the solution or simplify specific steps for clarity?
  4. Analyze or explain the functions involved in the integrand?
  5. Explore related integrals or generalizations?

Tip:

Breaking the integral into simpler parts and addressing them step by step often makes such complex problems more manageable.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Calculus
Hyperbolic Functions
Special Functions

Formulas

Hyperbolic cosecant: csch(x) = 1 / sinh(x)
Hyperbolic secant: sech(x) = 1 / cosh(x)
Hyperbolic tangent: tanh(x) = sinh(x) / cosh(x)
Polygamma function: ψ^(n)(x) = (d/dx)^(n) [ln(Γ(x))]
Catalan's constant: G = Σ (-1)^n / (2n+1)^2

Theorems

Integration by parts
Series expansion for special functions
Properties of the Gamma and Zeta functions

Suitable Grade Level

Undergraduate Level (Advanced Calculus or Mathematical Analysis)