Math Problem Statement

Find the equivalent resistance R between a and b

Find the equivalent resistance R between a and b.

Solution

To find the equivalent resistance ReqR_{eq} between points a and b in the given circuit, we need to systematically combine the resistors using series and parallel combinations.

Step-by-Step Analysis

  1. Start with the right side of the circuit:

    • There are three resistors: 4Ω4 \, \Omega, 25Ω25 \, \Omega, and 12Ω12 \, \Omega.
    • The 4Ω4 \, \Omega and 25Ω25 \, \Omega resistors are in series: Rseries1=4Ω+25Ω=29ΩR_{series1} = 4 \, \Omega + 25 \, \Omega = 29 \, \Omega
    • This 29Ω29 \, \Omega resistor is in parallel with the 12Ω12 \, \Omega resistor: Rparallel1=(129Ω+112Ω)1=1(129+112)8.79ΩR_{parallel1} = \left( \frac{1}{29 \, \Omega} + \frac{1}{12 \, \Omega} \right)^{-1} = \frac{1}{\left( \frac{1}{29} + \frac{1}{12} \right)} \approx 8.79 \, \Omega
  2. Simplify the next combination:

    • Now, the 8.79Ω8.79 \, \Omega is in series with the 144Ω144 \, \Omega resistor: Rseries2=8.79Ω+144Ω=152.79ΩR_{series2} = 8.79 \, \Omega + 144 \, \Omega = 152.79 \, \Omega
  3. Combine with the diagonal resistor:

    • The 152.79Ω152.79 \, \Omega from step 2 is in parallel with the 12Ω12 \, \Omega resistor (diagonal resistor): Rparallel2=(1152.79Ω+112Ω)111.26ΩR_{parallel2} = \left( \frac{1}{152.79 \, \Omega} + \frac{1}{12 \, \Omega} \right)^{-1} \approx 11.26 \, \Omega
  4. Next combine the left side:

    • The 11.26Ω11.26 \, \Omega is now in series with the 5.6Ω5.6 \, \Omega resistor: Rseries3=11.26Ω+5.6Ω=16.86ΩR_{series3} = 11.26 \, \Omega + 5.6 \, \Omega = 16.86 \, \Omega
  5. Simplify the left branch:

    • The next combination to look at involves the 2.5Ω2.5 \, \Omega resistor, which is in series with the 16.86Ω16.86 \, \Omega: Rseries4=2.5Ω+16.86Ω=19.36ΩR_{series4} = 2.5 \, \Omega + 16.86 \, \Omega = 19.36 \, \Omega
  6. Work on the middle branch:

    • The 19.36Ω19.36 \, \Omega is in parallel with the 15Ω15 \, \Omega resistor: Rparallel3=(119.36Ω+115Ω)18.36ΩR_{parallel3} = \left( \frac{1}{19.36 \, \Omega} + \frac{1}{15 \, \Omega} \right)^{-1} \approx 8.36 \, \Omega
  7. Finish the simplification:

    • Now, the 8.36Ω8.36 \, \Omega is in series with the 14Ω14 \, \Omega resistor: Rseries5=8.36Ω+14Ω=22.36ΩR_{series5} = 8.36 \, \Omega + 14 \, \Omega = 22.36 \, \Omega
  8. Final combination:

    • This 22.36Ω22.36 \, \Omega resistor is in parallel with the combination of the 60Ω60 \, \Omega and 10Ω10 \, \Omega resistors in series: Rseries6=60Ω+10Ω=70ΩR_{series6} = 60 \, \Omega + 10 \, \Omega = 70 \, \Omega
    • The final equivalent resistance is: Req=(122.36Ω+170Ω)117.32ΩR_{eq} = \left( \frac{1}{22.36 \, \Omega} + \frac{1}{70 \, \Omega} \right)^{-1} \approx 17.32 \, \Omega

Thus, the equivalent resistance between points a and b is approximately 17.32Ω\boxed{17.32 \, \Omega}.

Would you like more details on any step or a deeper explanation of the series and parallel resistor rules?

Related Questions:

  1. How do you calculate the total current in a circuit if you know the equivalent resistance and the total voltage?
  2. What is the difference between resistors in series and in parallel?
  3. How can you use Kirchhoff's laws to solve for currents in complex circuits like this one?
  4. What is the effect of adding more resistors in series on the total resistance?
  5. How does combining resistors in parallel affect the total resistance?

Tip:

When combining resistors in parallel, always check if the resistances are very different. In that case, the total equivalent resistance will be closer to the smaller resistance.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Circuit Analysis
Resistors in Series and Parallel

Formulas

Series Resistance: R_total = R1 + R2 + ... + Rn
Parallel Resistance: 1/R_total = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + ... + 1/Rn

Theorems

Ohm's Law
Series and Parallel Circuit Rules

Suitable Grade Level

Undergraduate Level (Electrical Engineering)