The question asks about determining which instructor had the most variability in final course grades. Variability refers to how spread out or inconsistent the grades are. To decide this, you typically need statistical measures of variability, such as:

• Standard deviation: How far individual grades are from the mean.
• Range: Difference between the highest and lowest grades.
• Variance: The square of the standard deviation, indicating the average squared deviation from the mean.

Answer:

• If the question provides only raw grades, it’s impossible to directly determine variability without calculating these metrics.
• If summary statistics (like standard deviation or variance) are not provided, you cannot compare variability accurately between the two instructors.

Answer: Impossible to tell from this information.

---

Do you want further explanation on any statistical concept?
Here are five related questions to extend your understanding:

1. How do you calculate standard deviation for a dataset?
2. What is the difference between variance and standard deviation?
3. How can range help identify variability?
4. Why is standard deviation more informative than just the range?
5. How can you visualize variability using boxplots?

Tip: Always look at variance or standard deviation when comparing variability, not just raw numbers!