Math Problem Statement

The accompanying Venn diagram shows the number of elements in region V. Use the given cardinalities to determine the number of elements in each of the other seven regions.

n(U) = 44, n(A) = 18, n(B) = 23,

n(C) = 26, n(AnB) = 9,

n(ANC) = 11, n(BC) = 13

U

IV

VII

There are

elements in region I.

There are

elements in region II.

There are

elements in region Ill.

There are

elements in region IV.

There are

elements in region VI.

There are

elements in region VIl.

There are

elements in region VIII.

Solution

To solve this problem, we need to determine the number of elements in each region of the Venn diagram. The regions correspond to the different parts of the sets AA, BB, and CC, as well as the universal set UU. We'll use the given cardinalities of the sets and their intersections to determine the number of elements in each of the eight regions.

Given Information:

  • n(U)=44n(U) = 44 (total number of elements in the universal set)
  • n(A)=18n(A) = 18 (number of elements in set AA)
  • n(B)=23n(B) = 23 (number of elements in set BB)
  • n(C)=26n(C) = 26 (number of elements in set CC)
  • n(AB)=9n(A \cap B) = 9 (number of elements in the intersection of AA and BB)
  • n(AC)=11n(A \cap C) = 11 (number of elements in the intersection of AA and CC)
  • n(BC)=13n(B \cap C) = 13 (number of elements in the intersection of BB and CC)

Let's denote each region of the Venn diagram as follows:

  1. Region I: Elements in AA only.
  2. Region II: Elements in ABA \cap B, but not in CC.
  3. Region III: Elements in ACA \cap C, but not in BB.
  4. Region IV: Elements in ABCA \cap B \cap C (all three sets).
  5. Region V: Elements in BB only.
  6. Region VI: Elements in BCB \cap C, but not in AA.
  7. Region VII: Elements in CC only.
  8. Region VIII: Elements outside all three sets, but in UU.

Step-by-Step Solution:

  1. Region IV (ABCA \cap B \cap C):

    • This is the number of elements common to all three sets, and it is included in all the intersections.
    • Let's denote this as xx.
    • We will calculate it last after checking the individual and two-set intersections.
  2. Region II (ABA \cap B, but not in CC):

    • The total number of elements in ABA \cap B is 9.
    • Out of these, some elements are also in CC. So, subtract the elements in ABCA \cap B \cap C (denoted as xx).
    • Region II = 9x9 - x.
  3. Region III (ACA \cap C, but not in BB):

    • The total number of elements in ACA \cap C is 11.
    • Subtract the elements in ABCA \cap B \cap C (denoted as xx).
    • Region III = 11x11 - x.
  4. Region VI (BCB \cap C, but not in AA):

    • The total number of elements in BCB \cap C is 13.
    • Subtract the elements in ABCA \cap B \cap C (denoted as xx).
    • Region VI = 13x13 - x.
  5. Region I (AA only):

    • The total number of elements in AA is 18.
    • Subtract the elements that are also in BB, CC, and ABCA \cap B \cap C.
    • Region I = 18((9x)+(11x)+x)18 - ((9 - x) + (11 - x) + x).
  6. Region V (BB only):

    • The total number of elements in BB is 23.
    • Subtract the elements that are also in AA, CC, and ABCA \cap B \cap C.
    • Region V = 23((9x)+(13x)+x)23 - ((9 - x) + (13 - x) + x).
  7. Region VII (CC only):

    • The total number of elements in CC is 26.
    • Subtract the elements that are also in AA, BB, and ABCA \cap B \cap C.
    • Region VII = 26((11x)+(13x)+x)26 - ((11 - x) + (13 - x) + x).
  8. Region VIII (Outside all three sets):

    • The total number of elements in UU is 44.
    • Subtract the elements in AA, BB, and CC (all regions of the Venn diagram).
    • Region VIII = 44(RegionI+RegionII+RegionIII+RegionIV+RegionV+RegionVI+RegionVII)44 - (Region I + Region II + Region III + Region IV + Region V + Region VI + Region VII).

Once you solve for xx, substitute it back into the equations for the other regions. Would you like me to proceed with calculating xx and the other regions?

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Set Theory
Venn Diagrams
Cardinality
Intersections of Sets

Formulas

n(A \cap B) = Number of elements in the intersection of sets A and B
n(A \cup B) = n(A) + n(B) - n(A \cap B)
Region formulas for individual set elements and intersections

Theorems

Inclusion-Exclusion Principle

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 9-12