Math Problem Statement

The two vectors u = ⟨3, −3, −2⟩ and v = ⟨−2, 2, −2⟩ determine a plane in space. Mark each of the vectors below as 'T' if the vector lies in the same plane as u and v, or 'F' if not.

Solution

The problem asks us to determine if each of the given vectors lies in the same plane as the vectors u=3,3,2\mathbf{u} = \langle 3, -3, -2 \rangle and v=2,2,2\mathbf{v} = \langle -2, 2, -2 \rangle.

Approach:

  1. The vectors u\mathbf{u} and v\mathbf{v} define a plane, and any vector that lies in this plane must be a linear combination of u\mathbf{u} and v\mathbf{v}. This means that for any vector w=a,b,c\mathbf{w} = \langle a, b, c \rangle, there must exist scalars λ1\lambda_1 and λ2\lambda_2 such that: w=λ1u+λ2v.\mathbf{w} = \lambda_1 \mathbf{u} + \lambda_2 \mathbf{v}. If such scalars exist, then the vector w\mathbf{w} lies in the plane.

  2. We can check this by setting up a system of equations for each vector, using the components of the given vectors.

Let's proceed:

1. Vector w1=6,6,6\mathbf{w_1} = \langle 6, -6, 6 \rangle:

We want to check if w1\mathbf{w_1} can be expressed as λ1u+λ2v\lambda_1 \mathbf{u} + \lambda_2 \mathbf{v}. This gives us the system: λ13+λ2(2)=6,\lambda_1 \cdot 3 + \lambda_2 \cdot (-2) = 6, λ1(3)+λ22=6,\lambda_1 \cdot (-3) + \lambda_2 \cdot 2 = -6, λ1(2)+λ2(2)=6.\lambda_1 \cdot (-2) + \lambda_2 \cdot (-2) = 6. Solving this system, we find that no solution exists for λ1\lambda_1 and λ2\lambda_2. Hence, w1\mathbf{w_1} does not lie in the plane.

2. Vector w2=3,3,1\mathbf{w_2} = \langle -3, 3, -1 \rangle:

Setting up the system: λ13+λ2(2)=3,\lambda_1 \cdot 3 + \lambda_2 \cdot (-2) = -3, λ1(3)+λ22=3,\lambda_1 \cdot (-3) + \lambda_2 \cdot 2 = 3, λ1(2)+λ2(2)=1.\lambda_1 \cdot (-2) + \lambda_2 \cdot (-2) = -1. Solving this, we also find that there is no solution for λ1\lambda_1 and λ2\lambda_2. Thus, w2\mathbf{w_2} does not lie in the plane.

3. Vector w3=4,4,6\mathbf{w_3} = \langle 4, -4, -6 \rangle:

For this vector, we set up the system: λ13+λ2(2)=4,\lambda_1 \cdot 3 + \lambda_2 \cdot (-2) = 4, λ1(3)+λ22=4,\lambda_1 \cdot (-3) + \lambda_2 \cdot 2 = -4, λ1(2)+λ2(2)=6.\lambda_1 \cdot (-2) + \lambda_2 \cdot (-2) = -6. Solving this system, we find that it does have a solution for λ1\lambda_1 and λ2\lambda_2. Therefore, w3\mathbf{w_3} lies in the plane.

4. Vector w4=1,2,3\mathbf{w_4} = \langle -1, 2, 3 \rangle:

Finally, we set up the system: λ13+λ2(2)=1,\lambda_1 \cdot 3 + \lambda_2 \cdot (-2) = -1, λ1(3)+λ22=2,\lambda_1 \cdot (-3) + \lambda_2 \cdot 2 = 2, λ1(2)+λ2(2)=3.\lambda_1 \cdot (-2) + \lambda_2 \cdot (-2) = 3. After solving this, we find that no solution exists for λ1\lambda_1 and λ2\lambda_2. Therefore, w4\mathbf{w_4} does not lie in the plane.

Summary:

  • Vector 1: F
  • Vector 2: F
  • Vector 3: T
  • Vector 4: F

Would you like more details on the steps used to solve this, or do you have any questions?

Additional Questions:

  1. How do you solve a system of linear equations in three dimensions?
  2. What is the geometric interpretation of a vector lying in a plane?
  3. Can you explain the concept of linear combinations in more depth?
  4. How is the cross product used to define a plane in vector space?
  5. What does it mean when vectors are linearly independent?

Tip: If two vectors define a plane, any vector in the plane can be written as a linear combination of the two.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Linear Algebra
Vector Spaces
Linear Combination

Formulas

w = λ1 * u + λ2 * v
System of Linear Equations

Theorems

Linear Combination of Vectors
Planarity of Vectors

Suitable Grade Level

College level (undergraduate)