The problem in the image is about a 5-kg object sliding on a surface and experiencing a frictional force. Let's go through the solution step by step.

Given:

• Mass of the object, $m = 5 \, \text{kg}$
• Coefficient of friction, $\mu = 0.1$
• Gravitational acceleration, $g = 9.8 \, \text{m/s}^2$
• The object is sliding to the right and experiences friction.

To Find:

1. The force of gravity, $F_g$
2. The normal force, $N$
3. The frictional force, $F_f$
4. The acceleration, $a$

1. Force of Gravity $F_g$

The force of gravity acting on the object is calculated as: $F_g = m \cdot g$ Substituting the values: $F_g = 5 \, \text{kg} \cdot 9.8 \, \text{m/s}^2 = 49 \, \text{N}$

2. Normal Force $N$

Since the object is sliding on a horizontal surface and there is no vertical acceleration, the normal force is equal in magnitude to the gravitational force: $N = F_g = 49 \, \text{N}$

3. Frictional Force $F_f$

The frictional force is given by the equation: $F_f = \mu \cdot N$ Substituting the values: $F_f = 0.1 \cdot 49 \, \text{N} = 4.9 \, \text{N}$

4. Acceleration $a$

The net force on the object in the horizontal direction is the frictional force, which is acting to decelerate the object. Newton's second law states that: $F_{\text{net}} = m \cdot a$ Here, $F_{\text{net}} = -F_f$ (because friction opposes the motion). Thus, the acceleration is: $a = \frac{-F_f}{m} = \frac{-4.9 \, \text{N}}{5 \, \text{kg}} = -0.98 \, \text{m/s}^2$ The negative sign indicates that the acceleration is in the opposite direction of the motion, meaning the object is slowing down.

Final Answers:

1. Force of gravity $F_g = 49 \, \text{N}$
2. Normal force $N = 49 \, \text{N}$
3. Frictional force $F_f = 4.9 \, \text{N}$
4. Acceleration $a = -0.98 \, \text{m/s}^2$

Would you like more details on any part of this solution?

5 Related Questions:

1. What happens to the frictional force if the coefficient of friction is increased?
2. How would the acceleration change if the mass of the object were doubled?
3. What is the role of the normal force in determining the frictional force?
4. How does the force of gravity change if the object is on an inclined plane?
5. How would the acceleration change if the surface had no friction?

Tip:

The coefficient of friction depends on both the materials of the object and the surface. A higher coefficient results in a larger frictional force, which can cause quicker deceleration.