Math Problem Statement

Find the derivative and graph of: p(x) = (1 / (σ√2π)) * exp(-1/2 * ((x - μ) / σ)^2)

Solution

The image you uploaded contains the probability density function (PDF) of a normal distribution:

p(x)=1σ2πe12(xμσ)2p(x) = \frac{1}{\sigma \sqrt{2\pi}} e^{-\frac{1}{2} \left(\frac{x - \mu}{\sigma}\right)^2}

To find the derivative of this function p(x)p(x):

We'll differentiate the function with respect to xx. Using the chain rule and recognizing that this is a Gaussian function, we differentiate it step by step:

ddx[1σ2πe12(xμσ)2]\frac{d}{dx} \left[ \frac{1}{\sigma \sqrt{2\pi}} e^{-\frac{1}{2} \left(\frac{x - \mu}{\sigma}\right)^2} \right]

First, treat the constant factor 1σ2π\frac{1}{\sigma \sqrt{2\pi}} as a constant, and then differentiate the exponential term. The derivative of the exponential function eu(x)e^{-u(x)} is eu(x)dudxe^{-u(x)} \cdot \frac{du}{dx}, where u(x)=12(xμσ)2u(x) = \frac{1}{2} \left(\frac{x - \mu}{\sigma}\right)^2.

The result will be:

ddxp(x)=1σ2π(xμσ2)e12(xμσ)2\frac{d}{dx} p(x) = -\frac{1}{\sigma \sqrt{2\pi}} \left( \frac{x - \mu}{\sigma^2} \right) e^{-\frac{1}{2} \left(\frac{x - \mu}{\sigma}\right)^2}

Graph of p(x)p(x):

The graph of this function is a normal distribution (Gaussian curve), which is symmetric about the mean μ\mu with standard deviation σ\sigma.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Calculus
Probability
Gaussian Distribution

Formulas

p(x) = (1 / (σ√2π)) * exp(-1/2 * ((x - μ) / σ)^2)
d/dx p(x) = - (1 / (σ√2π)) * ((x - μ) / σ^2) * exp(-1/2 * ((x - μ) / σ)^2)

Theorems

Chain Rule
Gaussian Function

Suitable Grade Level

College