Math Problem Statement

Evaluate the definite integral: ∫(5/x^2) dx from x = 1 to x = 4.

Solution

The given expression is a definite integral:

145x2dx\int_1^4 \frac{5}{x^2} \, dx

Let's solve this step by step.

  1. The integrand is 5x2=5x2\frac{5}{x^2} = 5x^{-2}.

  2. The antiderivative of 5x25x^{-2} is:

5x2dx=5(x11)=5x\int 5x^{-2} \, dx = 5 \cdot \left( \frac{x^{-1}}{-1} \right) = -\frac{5}{x}

  1. Now, we apply the limits of integration, 1 and 4:

5x14=54+51-\frac{5}{x} \Bigg|_1^4 = -\frac{5}{4} + \frac{5}{1}

  1. Simplifying:

54+5=554=20454=154-\frac{5}{4} + 5 = 5 - \frac{5}{4} = \frac{20}{4} - \frac{5}{4} = \frac{15}{4}

Thus, the value of the definite integral is:

154\frac{15}{4}

Would you like any more details, or do you have further questions?

Here are five related questions for practice:

  1. What is the integral of 1x2\frac{1}{x^2} without the constant multiplier?
  2. How would you apply integration to solve a real-world problem involving rates of change?
  3. What is the result of integrating 1x3\frac{1}{x^3} over the same limits?
  4. How would you solve 145x3dx\int_1^4 \frac{5}{x^3} dx?
  5. What happens if we change the limits of integration from [1,4][1,4] to [2,5][2,5]?

Tip: Always simplify the integrand before integrating—it often makes the computation easier!

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Calculus
Definite Integration
Power Rule

Formulas

Integral of x^n dx = (x^(n+1))/(n+1) + C
Definite integral = F(b) - F(a) where F(x) is the antiderivative

Theorems

Fundamental Theorem of Calculus

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12, College Calculus