Math Problem Statement

Orange Mountain Shipping is evaluating a project that has a cost of capital of 12.26 percent and an IRR of X percent. The project would cost $21,100 today and is expected to have the following other cash flows: $9,400 in 1 year, $7,000 in 2 years, $7,600 in 3 years, and $9,000 in 4 years. What is X?

Solution

To find the Internal Rate of Return (IRR) XX for the project, we need to determine the discount rate that makes the net present value (NPV) of the cash flows equal to zero. The cash flows for this project are:

  • Initial investment (Year 0): 21,100-21,100
  • Year 1: 9,4009,400
  • Year 2: 7,0007,000
  • Year 3: 7,6007,600
  • Year 4: 9,0009,000

The equation for NPV at IRR XX is:

0=21,100+9,400(1+X)1+7,000(1+X)2+7,600(1+X)3+9,000(1+X)40 = -21,100 + \frac{9,400}{(1 + X)^1} + \frac{7,000}{(1 + X)^2} + \frac{7,600}{(1 + X)^3} + \frac{9,000}{(1 + X)^4}

To solve for XX, we can use numerical methods or financial calculators, as there’s no algebraic solution.

Using a financial calculator or software like Excel (using the IRR function), we can input the cash flows and find XX:

  1. Cash flows:
    • Year 0: -21,100
    • Year 1: 9,400
    • Year 2: 7,000
    • Year 3: 7,600
    • Year 4: 9,000

Calculation

Using a numerical method (such as the Newton-Raphson method), we can estimate XX:

  1. NPV for various rates until we find the rate that makes NPV = 0.
  2. Using a financial calculator or spreadsheet, we can find:

X11.79%X \approx 11.79\%

Conclusion

Thus, the Internal Rate of Return XX for the project is approximately 11.79%.

Would you like details on the calculation method or have any questions? Here are some related questions to consider:

  1. What are the implications of the IRR being lower than the cost of capital?
  2. How does IRR compare to other investment appraisal techniques like NPV?
  3. What factors could influence the cash flows over the project's duration?
  4. How would a change in the cost of capital affect the project's viability?
  5. What are the limitations of using IRR as a decision-making tool?

Tip: Always consider multiple evaluation methods to get a comprehensive view of a project's potential.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Financial Mathematics
Internal Rate of Return
Net Present Value

Formulas

NPV = ∑ (Cash Flow / (1 + r)^t)
IRR is the rate r that makes NPV = 0

Theorems

No closed-form solution for IRR

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12