Math Problem Statement

The isosceles triangular plate shown here is submerged vertically

22

ft below the surface of a freshwater lake.

a. Find the fluid force against one face of the plate.

b. What would be the fluid force on one side of the plate if the water were seawater instead of​ freshwater?

Surface Level6 ft6 ft2 ft

​(The triangle is not shown to​ scale.)

Question content area bottom

Part 1

a. Establish a coordinate system to work in by placing the origin at the​ plate's bottom vertex and running the​ y-axis upward along the​ plate's axis of symmetry. Assuming the triangle is submerged in​ freshwater, set up the integral that represents the fluid force against one face of the plate.

Integral from 0 to nothing left parenthesis nothing right parenthesis dy

Solution

To solve this fluid force problem, let's break it down step by step. The force FF exerted by a fluid on a submerged surface is given by the following formula:

F=abp(y)w(y)dyF = \int_{a}^{b} p(y) \, w(y) \, dy

Where:

  • p(y)p(y) is the pressure at depth yy.
  • w(y)w(y) is the width of the plate at depth yy.
  • yy is the depth below the surface of the fluid.

Step 1: Understanding the Geometry of the Problem

The plate is an isosceles triangle submerged 22 ft below the surface of the lake, with a height of 6 ft and a base of 2 ft.

  1. Coordinate System: Place the origin at the bottom vertex of the triangular plate. The height of the plate extends from y=0y = 0 (bottom of the plate) to y=6y = 6 ft (top of the plate).
  2. Pressure Function: The pressure at depth yy is due to the weight of the water above the point, and is given by:

p(y)=ρg(22+y)p(y) = \rho g (22 + y) Where:

  • ρ\rho is the density of freshwater, approximately 62.4lb/ft362.4 \, \text{lb/ft}^3.
  • gg is the acceleration due to gravity (which is included in ρ\rho).
  • 22+y22 + y is the depth below the surface (since the plate is submerged 22 ft below).

Step 2: Finding the Width w(y)w(y)

The triangle is isosceles with a base of 2 ft at the top, tapering down to a width of 0 ft at the bottom. The relationship between the width w(y)w(y) and the height yy is linear.

  • The slope of the triangle's

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Calculus
Integral Calculus
Fluid Mechanics

Formulas

Fluid Force: F = ∫[a to b] p(y) w(y) dy
Pressure at depth y: p(y) = ρg(22 + y)

Theorems

Hydrostatic Pressure Theorem
Geometric Properties of Isosceles Triangles

Suitable Grade Level

College Level