Math Problem Statement

A group of capacitors is connected as shown in the figure below with C1 = 5.15 μF, C2 = 11.1 μF, and C3 = 2.35 μF. If the potential difference between points a and b is 63.0 V, what charge is stored on C3?

Solution

To solve the problem of finding the charge stored on capacitor C3C_3, we can break it down step by step based on the circuit provided.

Given:

  • C1=5.15μFC_1 = 5.15 \, \mu\text{F}
  • C2=11.1μFC_2 = 11.1 \, \mu\text{F}
  • C3=2.35μFC_3 = 2.35 \, \mu\text{F}
  • Potential difference between points aa and bb, Vab=63.0VV_{ab} = 63.0 \, \text{V}

From the circuit diagram, C1C_1, C2C_2, and C3C_3 are arranged in a specific configuration:

  • C1C_1 and C3C_3 are in series.
  • This combination is in parallel with C2C_2.

Step 1: Find the equivalent capacitance of C1C_1 and C3C_3 (series combination).

For capacitors in series, the equivalent capacitance C13C_{13} is given by: 1C13=1C1+1C3\frac{1}{C_{13}} = \frac{1}{C_1} + \frac{1}{C_3} Substituting the values: 1C13=15.15+12.35\frac{1}{C_{13}} = \frac{1}{5.15} + \frac{1}{2.35} C13=1(15.15+12.35)1.634μFC_{13} = \frac{1}{\left(\frac{1}{5.15} + \frac{1}{2.35}\right)} \approx 1.634 \, \mu\text{F}

Step 2: Find the total equivalent capacitance CeqC_{eq} of the circuit.

Now, the equivalent capacitance CeqC_{eq} of the whole system is the parallel combination of C13C_{13} and C2C_2: Ceq=C13+C2=1.634μF+11.1μF=12.734μFC_{eq} = C_{13} + C_2 = 1.634 \, \mu\text{F} + 11.1 \, \mu\text{F} = 12.734 \, \mu\text{F}

Step 3: Calculate the total charge stored in the system.

The total charge QtotalQ_{total} is given by: Qtotal=CeqVabQ_{total} = C_{eq} \cdot V_{ab} Substituting the values: Qtotal=12.734×106F×63.0V0.8022mC=802.2μCQ_{total} = 12.734 \times 10^{-6} \, \text{F} \times 63.0 \, \text{V} \approx 0.8022 \, \text{mC} = 802.2 \, \mu\text{C}

Step 4: Find the voltage across C1C_1 and C3C_3.

Since C1C_1 and C3C_3 are in series, they have the same charge. To find the charge on C3C_3, we first need to find the voltage across the series combination C13C_{13}.

The voltage across C2C_2 is given by: VC2=QtotalC2=802.2μC11.1μF72.28VV_{C2} = \frac{Q_{total}}{C_2} = \frac{802.2 \, \mu\text{C}}{11.1 \, \mu\text{F}} \approx 72.28 \, \text{V}

Now, the voltage across the series combination ( C_3

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Series and Parallel Capacitance
Electric Charge
Potential Difference

Formulas

1/C_eq(series) = 1/C1 + 1/C3
C_eq(parallel) = C_eq(series) + C2
Q = C * V

Theorems

Capacitance in Series and Parallel Circuits

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12