Math Problem Statement

Compute the annual rates of return for both Harris and Pinwheel stocks, then calculate the arithmetic and geometric mean rates of return, and compute the three-year rate of return and convert it into an annual rate.

Solution

Let's walk through the tasks based on the instructions and data provided in your image.

Part (a): Compute the annual rates of return.

The formula for annual rate of return is: Rate of Return=Ending PriceBeginning PriceBeginning Price×100\text{Rate of Return} = \frac{\text{Ending Price} - \text{Beginning Price}}{\text{Beginning Price}} \times 100

Let’s apply this formula to each firm.

Harris Stock Annual Returns:

  1. From Time 1 to 2:
    61010×100=40.00%\frac{6 - 10}{10} \times 100 = -40.00\%
  2. From Time 2 to 3:
    1366×100=116.67%\frac{13 - 6}{6} \times 100 = 116.67\%
  3. From Time 3 to 4:
    161313×10023.08%\frac{16 - 13}{13} \times 100 \approx 23.08\%

Pinwheel Stock Annual Returns:

  1. From Time 1 to 2:
    332121×10057.14%\frac{33 - 21}{21} \times 100 \approx 57.14\%
  2. From Time 2 to 3:
    283333×10015.15%\frac{28 - 33}{33} \times 100 \approx -15.15\%
  3. From Time 3 to 4:
    232828×10017.86%\frac{23 - 28}{28} \times 100 \approx -17.86\%

Part (b): Arithmetic and Geometric Mean Rates of Return

  1. Arithmetic Mean: Arithmetic Mean=(Annual Returns)n\text{Arithmetic Mean} = \frac{\sum(\text{Annual Returns})}{n}

    • For Harris:
      40.00+116.67+23.08333.25%\frac{-40.00 + 116.67 + 23.08}{3} \approx 33.25\%
    • For Pinwheel:
      57.1415.1517.8638.71%\frac{57.14 - 15.15 - 17.86}{3} \approx 8.71\%
  2. Geometric Mean: The geometric mean rate of return is calculated as: ((1+Annual Return))1n1\left( \prod (1 + \text{Annual Return}) \right)^{\frac{1}{n}} - 1 where the product involves each year's rate of return as a decimal.


Part (c): Three-Year Rate of Return

You calculate the total three-year return by comparing the stock value at Time 4 with the value at Time 1: Three-Year Return=Price at Time 4Price at Time 1Price at Time 1×100\text{Three-Year Return} = \frac{\text{Price at Time 4} - \text{Price at Time 1}}{\text{Price at Time 1}} \times 100

  • Harris:
    161010×100=60%\frac{16 - 10}{10} \times 100 = 60\%
  • Pinwheel:
    232121×1009.52%\frac{23 - 21}{21} \times 100 \approx 9.52\%

Part (d): Annual Rate from Three-Year Rate

We need to convert the total three-year return into an annualized rate. Use this formula: (1+Three-Year Rate)131=Annual Rate\left(1 + \text{Three-Year Rate}\right)^{\frac{1}{3}} - 1 = \text{Annual Rate}

  • Harris: (1+0.60)1310.1693=16.93%\left(1 + 0.60\right)^{\frac{1}{3}} - 1 \approx 0.1693 = 16.93\%
  • Pinwheel: (1+0.0952)1310.0308=3.08%\left(1 + 0.0952\right)^{\frac{1}{3}} - 1 \approx 0.0308 = 3.08\%

Let me know if you need help completing the missing tables or further steps.


Here are 5 follow-up questions:

  1. How does the arithmetic mean differ from the geometric mean in this context?
  2. Can a negative rate of return still result in a positive three-year return?
  3. How do compounding effects influence the geometric mean?
  4. Why is it important to annualize multi-year returns?
  5. How would dividends (if included) change these calculations?

Tip: Always interpret arithmetic and geometric means carefully—they give different insights into investment performance.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Rates of Return
Arithmetic Mean
Geometric Mean
Annualization of Returns

Formulas

Rate of Return = (Ending Price - Beginning Price) / Beginning Price * 100
Arithmetic Mean = Sum of Annual Returns / n
Geometric Mean = (Product of (1 + Annual Return))^(1/n) - 1
Annualized Return = (1 + Three-Year Return)^(1/3) - 1

Theorems

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Suitable Grade Level

Undergraduate Finance or Economics