Math Problem Statement

P1(a) Question: P1: (a) Each user in a computer system has a password which is 6 to 8 characters long where each character is an uppercase letter or a digit. Each password must contain at least one digit. How many possible passwords are there?

Calculate me this using set and standard mathematical symbols or format instead of explaining with words.

Solution

To calculate the total number of valid passwords, let's use standard mathematical notation.


Total possibilities for a password:

  1. Passwords are 6 to 8 characters long.
  2. Each character is an uppercase letter or a digit, so 26+10=3626 + 10 = 36 possible characters per position.

Let L=36L = 36 be the number of possible characters.


Case 1: Password length n=6n = 6

Total passwords (with no restrictions):

L6=366L^6 = 36^6

Passwords with no digits:

If only uppercase letters are used (2626 choices):
26626^6

Valid passwords (at least one digit):

36626636^6 - 26^6


Case 2: Password length n=7n = 7

Total passwords:

L7=367L^7 = 36^7

Passwords with no digits:

26726^7

Valid passwords:

36726736^7 - 26^7


Case 3: Password length n=8n = 8

Total passwords:

L8=368L^8 = 36^8

Passwords with no digits:

26826^8

Valid passwords:

36826836^8 - 26^8


Total number of valid passwords:

Summing over all cases: Total valid passwords=(366266)+(367267)+(368268)\text{Total valid passwords} = (36^6 - 26^6) + (36^7 - 26^7) + (36^8 - 26^8)

This expression provides the total number of possible passwords that meet the criteria.

Would you like me to compute this value numerically or provide further insights into this calculation

Ask a new question for Free

By Image

Drop file here or Click Here to upload

Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Combinatorics
Set Theory
Exclusion Principle

Formulas

Total passwords of length n: L^n
Passwords with no digits: 26^n
Valid passwords: L^n - 26^n
Total valid passwords: (36^6 - 26^6) + (36^7 - 26^7) + (36^8 - 26^8)

Theorems

Principle of Inclusion-Exclusion

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12