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To determine the size of the tax in the gasoline market graph, we can follow these steps:

1. **Identify the shift due to the tax**: The supply curve shifts from $ S_1 $ to $ S_1 + \text{tax} $. The vertical distance between the two supply curves at any given quantity represents the amount of the tax per gallon.

2. **Find the equilibrium prices**:
   - Before the tax: The intersection of the demand curve $ D $ and the original supply curve $ S_1 $ is around $2.25 per gallon at a quantity of 20,000 gallons.
   - After the tax: The new equilibrium is where the demand curve $ D $ intersects the new supply curve $ S_1 + \text{tax} $, which happens at around $3.00 per gallon and a quantity of 15,000 gallons.

3. **Calculate the tax size**: 
   - The price difference between the pre-tax and post-tax equilibrium prices represents the size of the tax.
   - The pre-tax price is approximately $2.25, and the post-tax price is approximately $3.00. 
   - Therefore, the tax size is $ 3.00 - 2.25 = 0.75 $ dollars per gallon.

**Conclusion**: The tax is $0.75 per gallon.

Would you like more details or explanations on how the tax affects the market?

Here are some follow-up questions you might consider:
1. What happens to the consumer surplus after the tax is imposed?
2. How does the tax affect producer surplus?
3. What would be the deadweight loss due to the tax?
4. How would the tax revenue be calculated in this scenario?
5. How would the supply curve shift if the tax were doubled?

**Tip**: To calculate tax revenue, multiply the tax per unit by the quantity sold after the tax is imposed.

Learn how to calculate the size of a tax in a gasoline market using the supply and demand graph. The problem involves analyzing market equilibrium before and after a tax is imposed, and understanding key economic concepts such as price elasticity and tax incidence.

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