Math Problem Statement

Evaluate the slope of the secant lines for the function f(x) = (x - 1)^2 at various points, using the formula for the slope of a secant line: m_sec = (f(x2) - f(x1)) / (x2 - x1). Points include: (x1 = 1.0, x2 = 2.0), (x1 = 1.0, x2 = 1.5), (x1 = 1.0, x2 = 1.1), (x1 = 1.0, x2 = 1.01), and (x1 = 1.0, x2 = 1.001).

Solution

The problem asks you to calculate the slope of secant lines for the function f(x)=(x1)2f(x) = (x - 1)^2 between various points x1x_1 and x2x_2. The formula for the slope of a secant line is given by:

msec=f(x2)f(x1)x2x1m_{\text{sec}} = \frac{f(x_2) - f(x_1)}{x_2 - x_1}

Step-by-step calculations:

The function is f(x)=(x1)2f(x) = (x - 1)^2, so first, we need to compute this function for each given xx value, then use the secant line formula.

  1. For x1=1.0x_1 = 1.0 and x2=2.0x_2 = 2.0:

    • f(1.0)=(1.01)2=0f(1.0) = (1.0 - 1)^2 = 0
    • f(2.0)=(2.01)2=1f(2.0) = (2.0 - 1)^2 = 1

    Now, calculate the slope: msec=102.01.0=1m_{\text{sec}} = \frac{1 - 0}{2.0 - 1.0} = 1

  2. For x1=1.0x_1 = 1.0 and x2=1.5x_2 = 1.5:

    • f(1.0)=(1.01)2=0f(1.0) = (1.0 - 1)^2 = 0
    • f(1.5)=(1.51)2=0.25f(1.5) = (1.5 - 1)^2 = 0.25

    Slope: msec=0.2501.51.0=0.5m_{\text{sec}} = \frac{0.25 - 0}{1.5 - 1.0} = 0.5

  3. For x1=1.0x_1 = 1.0 and x2=1.1x_2 = 1.1:

    • f(1.0)=(1.01)2=0f(1.0) = (1.0 - 1)^2 = 0
    • f(1.1)=(1.11)2=0.01f(1.1) = (1.1 - 1)^2 = 0.01

    Slope: msec=0.0101.11.0=0.1m_{\text{sec}} = \frac{0.01 - 0}{1.1 - 1.0} = 0.1

  4. For x1=1.0x_1 = 1.0 and x2=1.01x_2 = 1.01:

    • f(1.0)=0f(1.0) = 0
    • f(1.01)=(1.011)2=0.0001f(1.01) = (1.01 - 1)^2 = 0.0001

    Slope: msec=0.000101.011.0=0.01m_{\text{sec}} = \frac{0.0001 - 0}{1.01 - 1.0} = 0.01

  5. For x1=1.0x_1 = 1.0 and x2=1.001x_2 = 1.001:

    • f(1.0)=0f(1.0) = 0
    • f(1.001)=(1.0011)2=0.000001f(1.001) = (1.001 - 1)^2 = 0.000001

    Slope: msec=0.00000101.0011.0=0.001m_{\text{sec}} = \frac{0.000001 - 0}{1.001 - 1.0} = 0.001

These results give us the slope of the secant lines between the respective points.

Would you like more details on any part of this process? Also, here are some related questions:

  1. How does the slope of the secant line change as x2x_2 approaches x1x_1?
  2. What is the significance of calculating the secant slope for smaller intervals?
  3. How is the secant slope related to the derivative of the function at a point?
  4. Can you approximate the derivative of f(x)=(x1)2f(x) = (x - 1)^2 using these secant slopes?
  5. How would the calculations change if the function were cubic instead of quadratic?

Tip: The slope of the secant line becomes closer to the derivative as x2x_2 approaches x1x_1.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Algebra
Quadratic Functions
Secant Lines
Slopes

Formulas

m_sec = (f(x2) - f(x1)) / (x2 - x1)
f(x) = (x - 1)^2

Theorems

Secant Slope Approximation for Derivatives

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 10-12