Math Problem Statement

The planet has an orbital period of 130 days and the star has a mass of 1.1 x 1030 kg. What is the semi-major axis of the planet’s orbit?

Solution

To find the semi-major axis of the planet’s orbit, we can use Kepler's Third Law in its general form, which relates the orbital period of a planet to the mass of the star it orbits:

T2=4π2a3GMT^2 = \frac{4 \pi^2 a^3}{G M}

Where:

  • TT is the orbital period of the planet (130 days, which we'll convert to seconds),
  • aa is the semi-major axis (what we're solving for),
  • GG is the gravitational constant (6.67430×1011m3kg1s26.67430 \times 10^{-11} \, \text{m}^3 \, \text{kg}^{-1} \, \text{s}^{-2}),
  • MM is the mass of the star (1.1×1030kg1.1 \times 10^{30} \, \text{kg}).

Steps:

  1. Convert the orbital period TT from days to seconds.
  2. Rearrange the equation to solve for the semi-major axis aa.
  3. Plug in the values and solve for aa.

Let’s go through the calculations.The semi-major axis of the planet’s orbit is approximately 6.17×10106.17 \times 10^{10} meters, or 61.7 million kilometers.

Would you like more details or have any questions about this solution?

Here are 5 related questions to expand your understanding:

  1. How does Kepler’s Third Law change for planets orbiting different stars?
  2. What is the significance of the semi-major axis in orbital mechanics?
  3. How do you convert the semi-major axis from meters to astronomical units (AU)?
  4. What factors influence the orbital period of a planet?
  5. How would the semi-major axis change if the mass of the star were larger?

Tip: Kepler's Third Law is highly useful in astrophysics to estimate distances in space when the orbital period is known.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Orbital Mechanics
Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion
Physics of Gravitation

Formulas

T^2 = (4π^2 a^3) / (GM)

Theorems

Kepler's Third Law

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 10-12 and College-level Physics