Math Problem Statement

A vehicle travels from city A to city B at a speed of 60 km/h and returns from city B to city A. If the vehicle's average speed during the entire journey is 48 km/h, what was its speed while returning from city B to city A?

Solution

The question in the image reads:


Question:

A vehicle travels from city A to city B at a speed of 60 km/h and returns from city B to city A.

If the vehicle's average speed during the entire journey is 48 km/h, what was its speed while returning from city B to city A?

Answer choices: A) 20
B) 25
C) 30
D) 40
E) 50


Solution:

Let the distance between city A and city B be dd km.

  1. Time for the trip from A to B: The speed from A to B is 60km/h60 \, \text{km/h}.
    Time taken:
    t1=d60t_1 = \frac{d}{60}

  2. Let the speed from B to A be vkm/hv \, \text{km/h}.
    Time taken for the return trip (B to A):
    t2=dvt_2 = \frac{d}{v}

  3. Average speed formula:
    The average speed for the entire trip is given as 48km/h48 \, \text{km/h}, and the formula for average speed is:
    Average Speed=Total DistanceTotal Time\text{Average Speed} = \frac{\text{Total Distance}}{\text{Total Time}}

    The total distance for the round trip is 2d2d, and the total time is t1+t2t_1 + t_2. Substituting these:
    48=2dd60+dv48 = \frac{2d}{\frac{d}{60} + \frac{d}{v}}

  4. Simplify the equation:
    Factor out dd:
    48=2160+1v48 = \frac{2}{\frac{1}{60} + \frac{1}{v}}

    Combine the denominators:
    160+1v=v+6060v\frac{1}{60} + \frac{1}{v} = \frac{v + 60}{60v}

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Average Speed
Distance and Time Relationships
Fractions

Formulas

Average Speed = Total Distance / Total Time

Theorems

None specific, general use of speed and average concepts

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 9-11