Math Problem Statement

solve this using annuities,show the solutions

Annual payments of ₱1,000.00 at the end of each term for 8 years with interest rate of 6% compounded quarterly. Find the present and the future value.

Solution

Let's solve this problem using the annuities formula provided in the image. We are given the following information:

  • Annual payments (RR) = ₱1,000.00
  • Term = 8 years
  • Interest rate = 6% compounded quarterly
  • We need to find both the Present Value (P) and Future Value (F).

Step 1: Break down the interest rate and number of periods

Since the interest is compounded quarterly, we need to adjust both the interest rate and the number of compounding periods:

  • Quarterly interest rate: j=6%4=0.064=0.015j = \frac{6\%}{4} = \frac{0.06}{4} = 0.015
  • Number of periods: n=8×4=32n = 8 \times 4 = 32 quarters

Step 2: Use the provided formulas

The formulas in the image are as follows:

  1. Present Value (P): P=R×1(1+j)njP = R \times \frac{1 - (1 + j)^{-n}}{j}
  2. Future Value (F): F=R×(1+j)n1jF = R \times \frac{(1 + j)^n - 1}{j}

Step 3: Calculate the Present Value

Let's substitute the values into the present value formula: P=1,000×1(1+0.015)320.015P = 1,000 \times \frac{1 - (1 + 0.015)^{-32}}{0.015} First, calculate 1+0.015=1.0151 + 0.015 = 1.015, then raise it to the power of 32-32: 1.01532=0.631961.015^{-32} = 0.63196 Now substitute back:

= 1,000 \times \frac{0.36804}{0.015} = 1,000 \times 24.536 = 24,536.05$$ So, the **Present Value (P)** is ₱24,536.05. ### Step 4: Calculate the Future Value Substitute the values into the future value formula: $$F = 1,000 \times \frac{(1 + 0.015)^{32} - 1}{0.015}$$ First, calculate $$1.015^{32} = 1.61449$$, then subtract 1: $$1.61449 - 1 = 0.61449$$ Now substitute back: $$F = 1,000 \times \frac{0.61449}{0.015} = 1,000 \times 40.966 = 40,966.14$$ So, the **Future Value (F)** is ₱40,966.14. ### Summary of Results: - **Present Value (P)**: ₱24,536.05 - **Future Value (F)**: ₱40,966.14 Would you like further explanation on any step? --- Here are five questions for you to explore further: 1. How would the values change if the interest rate was compounded monthly instead of quarterly? 2. What is the effect of increasing the number of years on the future value? 3. Can you derive the formulas for annuities based on the definition of compounding interest? 4. How would the results change if the payment was made at the beginning of each period (annuity due)? 5. What is the significance of using the present value formula in financial planning? **Tip:** When solving annuity problems, always ensure that the interest rate and the number of periods are consistent in terms of compounding frequency (monthly, quarterly, etc.).

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Annuities
Compound Interest
Time Value of Money

Formulas

Present Value (P) = R * (1 - (1 + j)^(-n)) / j
Future Value (F) = R * ((1 + j)^n - 1) / j

Theorems

Time Value of Money
Compound Interest Formula

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 10-12