A PV panel supplies power to a battery bank with a nominal voltage of 24V. The depth of discharge of the battery is 80%. The number of days of autonomy is five days in a month. The load connected to the battery bank demands a day load of 500 Wh and a night load of 1000 Wh.what is the peak output power of the PV panel if solar energy available is for 5.4 hours daily under standard insolation?

To calculate the peak output power of the PV panel, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Determine the total energy required from the battery bank over the autonomy period.
- **Day load**: 500 Wh/day
- **Night load**: 1000 Wh/day

Total daily load = Day load + Night load  
\[ \text{Total daily load} = 500 \text{ Wh} + 1000 \text{ Wh} = 1500 \text{ Wh/day} \]

The total energy required over the autonomy period (5 days) is:  
\[ \text{Total energy required} = 1500 \text{ Wh/day} \times 5 \text{ days} = 7500 \text{ Wh} \]

### Step 2: Account for the depth of discharge (DoD) of the battery.
- **DoD**: 80% (which means 20% of the battery capacity is reserved and cannot be used)

The actual battery capacity needed to supply 7500 Wh, considering the DoD, is:  
\[ \text{Battery capacity needed} = \frac{7500 \text{ Wh}}{0.8} = 9375 \text{ Wh} \]

### Step 3: Calculate the average energy required from the PV panel per day.
Given that solar energy is available for 5.4 hours daily, we need to calculate how much energy the PV panel must provide each day to meet the demand:

\[ \text{Daily energy required} = \frac{9375 \text{ Wh}}{5 \text{ days}} = 1875 \text{ Wh/day} \]

### Step 4: Calculate the peak output power of the PV panel.
The peak output power of the PV panel is determined by dividing the daily energy requirement by the number of hours of sunlight:

\[ \text{Peak output power} = \frac{1875 \text{ Wh/day}}{5.4 \text{ hours/day}} \approx 347.22 \text{ W} \]

### Final Answer
The peak output power of the PV panel should be approximately **347.22 W** to meet the energy demands under the given conditions.

Would you like any more details on this calculation, or do you have any questions?

Here are 5 related questions to expand your understanding:

1. How would the peak output power change if the depth of discharge was reduced to 70%?
2. What would be the required peak power if the load increased by 50%?
3. How does the efficiency of the PV panel affect the required peak output power?
4. What impact would fewer hours of sunlight (e.g., 4 hours per day) have on the required peak output power?
5. How can battery capacity be optimized to reduce the required PV panel size?

**Tip:** Always consider the efficiency losses in real-world systems, such as inverter losses and temperature effects, when designing a PV system.

Learn how to calculate the peak output power of a PV panel supplying a battery bank with a nominal voltage of 24V, considering the day and night loads, depth of discharge, and solar energy availability. Detailed step-by-step solution with formulas and calculations included.

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