A 200 cm³ soil weighed 320 g after oven drying the weight is now 270 g (Vs = 104 cm³). Calculate the Particle and Bulk Density.

Pp = Ms / Vs Pb = Ms / Vt

To calculate the particle density (\(P_p\)) and bulk density (\(P_b\)) of the soil, we will use the provided formulas and the given dataTo calculate the particle density (\(P_p\)) and bulk density (\(P_b\)) of the soil, we will use the provided formulas and the given 

1. **Particle Density (\(P_p\)):** This is the mass of the solids divided by the volume of the solids.
   \[
   P_p = \frac{M_s}{V_s}
   \]
   where:
   - \(M_s\) = Mass of the soil solids (after oven drying) = 270 g
   - \(V_s\) = Volume of the soil solids = 104 cm³

2. **Bulk Density (\(P_b\)):** This is the mass of the soil (including solids and pores) divided by the total volume of the soil.
   \[
   P_b = \frac{M_s}{V_t}
   \]
   where:
   - \(M_s\) = Mass of the soil solids (after oven drying) = 270 g
   - \(V_t\) = Total volume of the soil sample = 200 cm³

Let's calculate these densities:

### 1. Calculating Particle Density (\(P_p\)):

\[
P_p = \frac{M_s}{V_s} = \frac{270 \, \text{g}}{104 \, \text{cm}^3}
\]

Calculating \(P_p\):

\[
P_p = \frac{270}{104} \approx 2.596 \, \text{g/cm}^3
\]

### 2. Calculating Bulk Density (\(P_b\)):

\[
P_b = \frac{M_s}{V_t} = \frac{270 \, \text{g}}{200 \, \text{cm}^3}
\]

Calculating \(P_b\):

\[
P_b = \frac{270}{200} = 1.35 \, \text{g/cm}^3
\]

### Summary:

- **Particle Density (\(P_p\))**: \(2.596 \, \text{g/cm}^3\)
- **Bulk Density (\(P_b\))**: \(1.35 \, \text{g/cm}^3\)

These values provide a measure of the soil's density in terms of the solid particles alone and the bulk sample including air spaces.

Would you like more details on these calculations or have any questions?

### Related Questions:

1. What is the significance of particle density in soil science?
2. How does bulk density affect soil compaction and root growth?
3. Can bulk density be greater than particle density? Why or why not?
4. How does soil moisture content affect bulk density measurements?
5. What are the typical values of particle and bulk densities for different soil types?

### Tip:

Remember, the particle density is usually higher than bulk density since it only considers the solid particles, whereas bulk density includes the spaces between the particles (pores).

Learn how to calculate the particle and bulk density of soil using given data. Understand the formulas for particle density (Pp) and bulk density (Pb) and apply them to solve this problem.

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