1. គេឲ្យល្បាយ អេតាណាស់ និង ប្រូប៉ាណាល់ ចំនួន 20g មានប្រតិកម្មជាមួយ រេអាក់ទីបឡង់ បង្កើតបាន កករប្រាក់ 43.2g ។ រកភាគរយ ជាម៉ាសនៃសេតូន ក្នុងល្បាយ ។
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To determine the percentage by mass of acetone in the mixture, we need to follow these steps:

1. **Identify the relevant chemical reactions:**
   - Acetone (propanone) reacts with Tollen's reagent to form a silver mirror.
   - Acetone reacts as follows with Tollen's reagent:
     \[
     \text{CH}_3\text{COCH}_3 + 2[\text{Ag(NH}_3)_2]^+ + 3\text{OH}^- \rightarrow \text{CH}_3\text{COONH}_4 + 2\text{Ag} + 4\text{NH}_3 + \text{H}_2\text{O}
     \]

   For each mole of acetone, 2 moles of silver are produced.

2. **Determine the molar mass of acetone and silver:**
   - Molar mass of acetone (\(\text{CH}_3\text{COCH}_3\)) = 3(12) + 6(1) + 16 = 58 g/mol
   - Molar mass of silver (Ag) = 108 g/mol

3. **Calculate the moles of silver formed:**
   - Mass of silver formed = 43.2 g
   - Moles of silver = \(\frac{43.2 \text{ g}}{108 \text{ g/mol}} = 0.4 \text{ mol}\)

4. **Relate moles of acetone to moles of silver:**
   - According to the reaction, 1 mole of acetone produces 2 moles of silver.
   - Therefore, moles of acetone = \(\frac{0.4 \text{ mol}}{2} = 0.2 \text{ mol}\)

5. **Calculate the mass of acetone in the mixture:**
   - Mass of acetone = moles of acetone \(\times\) molar mass of acetone
   - Mass of acetone = \(0.2 \text{ mol} \times 58 \text{ g/mol} = 11.6 \text{ g}\)

6. **Determine the mass percentage of acetone in the mixture:**
   - Total mass of the mixture = 20 g
   - Mass percentage of acetone = \(\frac{11.6 \text{ g}}{20 \text{ g}} \times 100\% = 58\%\)

So, the mass percentage of acetone in the mixture is **58%**.

Would you like more details or have any other questions?

### Further Questions

1. How do you determine the molar mass of a compound?
2. What is the purpose of Tollen's reagent in chemical reactions?
3. How can you distinguish between aldehydes and ketones using Tollen's test?
4. What are the typical reactions of acetone with different reagents?
5. What are the safety precautions when handling silver nitrate solutions?
6. How do you calculate the mass percentage in a mixture?
7. What is the significance of stoichiometry in chemical reactions?
8. How can you confirm the presence of acetone in a laboratory setting?

### Tip

Always make sure to double-check your stoichiometric coefficients and units when performing chemical calculations to ensure accuracy.

Learn how to calculate the mass percentage of acetone in a mixture using Tollen's reagent. Follow a detailed step-by-step solution involving chemical reactions, stoichiometry, and percentage composition calculations. Suitable for college-level chemistry enthusiasts.

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