Math Problem Statement

Let f(a) = 9−a 3− √ a . Calculate lim a→9 f(a) by first finding a continuous function which is equal to f everywhere except a = 9. lim a→9 f(a) = Answer(s) submitted:

Solution

We are asked to find lima9f(a)\lim_{a \to 9} f(a), where f(a)=9a3af(a) = \frac{9 - a}{3 - \sqrt{a}}.

First, note that substituting a=9a = 9 directly into the function results in an indeterminate form 00\frac{0}{0}. Therefore, we need to simplify f(a)f(a) by finding a continuous function that matches f(a)f(a) everywhere except at a=9a = 9.

Step 1: Simplify the expression

We begin by simplifying the expression f(a)=9a3af(a) = \frac{9 - a}{3 - \sqrt{a}}. To do this, we multiply both the numerator and the denominator by the conjugate of the denominator:

f(a)=9a3a×3+a3+a=(9a)(3+a)(3a)(3+a).f(a) = \frac{9 - a}{3 - \sqrt{a}} \times \frac{3 + \sqrt{a}}{3 + \sqrt{a}} = \frac{(9 - a)(3 + \sqrt{a})}{(3 - \sqrt{a})(3 + \sqrt{a})}.

Step 2: Simplify the denominator

The denominator simplifies using the difference of squares formula:

(3a)(3+a)=9a.(3 - \sqrt{a})(3 + \sqrt{a}) = 9 - a.

Thus, we now have:

f(a)=(9a)(3+a)9a.f(a) = \frac{(9 - a)(3 + \sqrt{a})}{9 - a}.

Step 3: Cancel the common factor

As long as a9a \neq 9, we can cancel the factor 9a9 - a in both the numerator and the denominator, giving:

f(a)=3+a.f(a) = 3 + \sqrt{a}.

Step 4: Compute the limit

Now, f(a)=3+af(a) = 3 + \sqrt{a} is continuous at a=9a = 9. So, we can evaluate the limit by direct substitution:

lima9f(a)=3+9=3+3=6.\lim_{a \to 9} f(a) = 3 + \sqrt{9} = 3 + 3 = 6.

Thus, the limit is:

lima9f(a)=6.\lim_{a \to 9} f(a) = 6.

Would you like more details, or do you have any questions?

Here are five related questions to further explore this topic:

  1. How do we know when to use the conjugate method to simplify limits?
  2. What other indeterminate forms require simplification techniques?
  3. Can L'Hopital's Rule be applied to solve this limit instead?
  4. How do we check if a function is continuous at a point?
  5. What is the general process for solving limits involving radicals?

Tip: When simplifying functions with square roots, multiplying by the conjugate is a useful technique to eliminate the radical and simplify the expression.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Limits
Indeterminate Forms
Rationalization
Continuity

Formulas

Difference of squares
Limit calculation through simplification

Theorems

Limit properties
Continuity theorem

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12