A cargo consisting of 20,000 bags was insured for Tk. 2,00,000. But 2,000 bags were damaged and would realize Tk. 3 per bag. The following expenses were also incurred by the insured: 1% sales commission, Tk. 50 as survey fee and Tk. 60 as sales expenses. Prepare a particular average statement assuming that goods would have realized Tk. 9 per bag in their undamaged condition and the policy is valued.    

To prepare a particular average statement, we need to calculate the amount of loss incurred by the damage to the goods, and then determine the amount of insurance compensation based on the proportionate damage. Here's how we can solve this:

### Step-by-Step Breakdown:

1. **Total Cargo Value if Undamaged:**

   The total cargo consists of 20,000 bags. Each undamaged bag would have realized Tk. 9.

   \[
   \text{Value of total cargo if undamaged} = 20,000 \times 9 = Tk. 1,80,000
   \]

2. **Value of Damaged Bags:**

   Out of the total cargo, 2,000 bags are damaged, and each damaged bag would realize Tk. 3.

   \[
   \text{Value of damaged bags} = 2,000 \times 3 = Tk. 6,000
   \]

3. **Value of the Sound Bags:**

   The remaining 18,000 bags are undamaged and would realize Tk. 9 per bag.

   \[
   \text{Value of sound (undamaged) bags} = 18,000 \times 9 = Tk. 1,62,000
   \]

4. **Gross Loss:**

   The difference between the value of the damaged bags if undamaged and their actual realized value (due to damage) is the gross loss.

   \[
   \text{Value of damaged bags if undamaged} = 2,000 \times 9 = Tk. 18,000
   \]
   \[
   \text{Gross loss} = 18,000 - 6,000 = Tk. 12,000
   \]

5. **Expenses Incurred by the Insured:**
   
   Now, let's calculate the additional expenses incurred by the insured:
   
   - Sales commission: 1% of Tk. 6,000 (the realized value of the damaged goods)  
     \[
     \text{Sales commission} = \frac{1}{100} \times 6,000 = Tk. 60
     \]
   - Survey fee: Tk. 50
   - Sales expenses: Tk. 60

   Total expenses = Tk. 60 (commission) + Tk. 50 (survey fee) + Tk. 60 (sales expenses)  
   \[
   \text{Total expenses} = Tk. 170
   \]

6. **Net Loss:**

   The net loss is the gross loss minus the expenses incurred by the insured.

   \[
   \text{Net loss} = 12,000 - 170 = Tk. 11,830
   \]

7. **Particular Average Clause (Proportional Settlement):**

   The policy covers Tk. 2,00,000, but the total value of the cargo is Tk. 1,80,000, which means the insurance company will only cover a proportionate amount.

   Proportion of loss covered by insurance:
   \[
   \frac{\text{Policy value}}{\text{Total value of goods}} = \frac{2,00,000}{1,80,000} = \frac{10}{9}
   \]
   
   Therefore, the insurer will cover:
   \[
   \text{Insurance compensation} = \frac{10}{9} \times 11,830 = Tk. 13,144.44
   \]

### Particular Average Statement:

| **Description**                 | **Amount (Tk.)** |
|----------------------------------|------------------|
| Value of total cargo (undamaged) | 1,80,000         |
| Value of damaged bags (undamaged)| 18,000           |
| Value of damaged bags (realized) | 6,000            |
| Gross loss                       | 12,000           |
| Total expenses incurred          | 170              |
| Net loss                         | 11,830           |
| Insurance compensation           | 13,144.44        |

Thus, the insurance company will compensate Tk. 13,144.44 based on the particular average clause.

---

Would you like further details on any step, or have questions? Here are 5 related questions for practice:

1. How would the result change if the insurance policy was only for Tk. 1,50,000?
2. How do particular average and general average differ in insurance?
3. What happens if the damaged value per bag was higher than Tk. 3?
4. How do you adjust for partial loss when the total cargo value is underestimated in the policy?
5. How do expenses like survey fees affect the total claim settlement?

**Tip:** When calculating insurance claims, always check if the policy amount exceeds or falls short of the actual value of the goods; this affects the settlement calculation!

A cargo consisting of 20,000 bags was insured for Tk. 2,00,000. But 2,000 bags were damaged and would realize Tk. 3 per bag. The following expenses were also incurred by the insured: 1% sales commission, Tk. 50 as survey fee and Tk. 60 as sales expenses. Prepare a particular average statement assuming that goods would have realized Tk. 9 per bag in their undamaged condition and the policy is valued.

Learn how to prepare a particular average statement for a cargo of 20,000 bags insured for Tk. 2,00,000, where 2,000 bags were damaged. This solution covers key insurance concepts, including proportionality, cost analysis, and calculating net loss, suitable for students in Grades 11-12.

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