1. គេភ្ជាប់ប៉ូលទាំងពីរ នៃជនិតា មួយដែលមានកម្លាំង អគ្គិសនីចលករ E=12V និងមាន រេស៊ីស្តង់ក្នុង r= 1Ω  ទៅអោយម៉ូទ័រអគ្គិសនីមួយ ដែលមានកម្លាំង ច្រាសអគ្គិសនីចលករ។ E'= 3V និង រេស៊ីស្តង់ ក្នុង r'= 2Ω ។
ក. គណនាអងតង់ស៊ីតេ ចរន្តដែលឆ្លងកាត់សៀវគ្វី ។
ខ. គណនាតង់ស្យុង នៃជនិតា ។
Please tell me

We are given a circuit that consists of a battery (with an electromotive force \(E = 12V\) and internal resistance \(r = 1\Omega\)) connected to an electric motor (with a back electromotive force \(E' = 3V\) and internal resistance \(r' = 2\Omega\)).

### (ក) គណនាអងតង់ស៊ីតេ ចរន្តដែលឆ្លងកាត់សៀវគ្វី (Calculate the current passing through the circuit):

To calculate the current (\(I\)) passing through the circuit, we can use Kirchhoff's loop rule, which states:

\[
E - I \cdot r - I \cdot r' - E' = 0
\]

Solving for \(I\):

\[
I = \frac{E - E'}{r + r'}
\]

Substitute the given values:

\[
I = \frac{12V - 3V}{1\Omega + 2\Omega} = \frac{9V}{3\Omega} = 3A
\]

So, the current \(I\) passing through the circuit is **3 Amperes**.

### (ខ) គណនាតង់ស្យុង នៃជនិតា (Calculate the terminal voltage of the battery):

The terminal voltage \(V\) of the battery can be calculated using the formula:

\[
V = E - I \cdot r
\]

Substitute the values:

\[
V = 12V - 3A \times 1\Omega = 12V - 3V = 9V
\]

So, the terminal voltage \(V\) of the battery is **9 Volts**.

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Do you want more details or have any questions about these calculations?  
Here are some related questions you might find helpful:

1. How does the internal resistance of the battery affect the circuit?
2. What is the significance of back electromotive force (\(E'\)) in the motor?
3. How would the current change if the internal resistance of the motor increased?
4. What happens to the terminal voltage if the current in the circuit increases?
5. How does Kirchhoff's loop rule apply to more complex circuits?
6. Can you explain the difference between electromotive force and terminal voltage?
7. How would the circuit behave if there was no internal resistance in the battery?
8. What is the power dissipated in the internal resistance of the motor?

**Tip:** Always double-check your calculations by ensuring that the units are consistent throughout the problem.

Learn how to calculate current and terminal voltage in electric circuits with a detailed step-by-step solution. This problem involves applying Kirchhoff's loop rule and Ohm's law to solve for current and terminal voltage in a circuit with specified electromotive forces and resistances.

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