Math Problem Statement

Assume a par value of $1,000. Caspian Sea plans to issue a 17.00 year, semi-annual pay bond that has a coupon rate of 8.16%. If the yield to maturity for the bond is 7.65%, what will the price of the bond be?

Solution

To determine the price of the bond, we use the bond pricing formula, which discounts all future cash flows (coupons and par value) back to the present at the bond's yield to maturity (YTM). Here are the details of the bond:

  • Par value (Face value): $1,000
  • Coupon rate: 8.16% (paid semi-annually, so divide by 2 for each payment)
  • Yield to maturity (YTM): 7.65% (also semi-annual, so divide by 2)
  • Time to maturity: 17 years (34 semi-annual periods)

Step 1: Determine Semi-Annual Coupon Payment and YTM

  1. Semi-annual coupon rate = 8.16%2=4.08%\frac{8.16\%}{2} = 4.08\%
  2. Coupon payment = 4.08%×1,000=40.804.08\% \times 1,000 = 40.80
  3. Semi-annual YTM = 7.65%2=3.825%\frac{7.65\%}{2} = 3.825\% or 0.03825 in decimal form

Step 2: Determine the Number of Periods

  • Since it's a 17-year bond with semi-annual payments, there are 17×2=3417 \times 2 = 34 periods.

Step 3: Bond Pricing Formula

The price of a bond (PV) is given by:

PV=t=134C(1+y)t+F(1+y)34PV = \sum_{t=1}^{34} \frac{C}{(1 + y)^t} + \frac{F}{(1 + y)^{34}}

where:

  • CC is the semi-annual coupon payment ($40.80),
  • yy is the semi-annual YTM (0.03825),
  • FF is the face value ($1,000),
  • tt is the total number of periods (34).

The formula can be simplified to:

PV=C×(1(1+y)n)y+F(1+y)nPV = \frac{C \times (1 - (1 + y)^{-n})}{y} + \frac{F}{(1 + y)^n}

Plugging in the values:

PV=40.80×(1(1+0.03825)34)0.03825+1,000(1+0.03825)34PV = \frac{40.80 \times (1 - (1 + 0.03825)^{-34})}{0.03825} + \frac{1,000}{(1 + 0.03825)^{34}}

Let me calculate this for the exact bond price.The price of the bond is approximately $1,048.06.

Would you like further details on the calculation steps or explanations? Here are some related questions that might interest you:

  1. How would the bond price change if the coupon rate were higher?
  2. What happens to bond prices when the yield to maturity increases?
  3. How would this bond's price differ if it paid interest annually instead of semi-annually?
  4. What is the relationship between bond price and time to maturity?
  5. How would a change in market interest rates affect the bond's price?

Tip: Remember that when the yield to maturity is less than the coupon rate, the bond price is above its par value (a premium bond).

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Bond Pricing
Time Value of Money
Discounting Cash Flows

Formulas

Bond price formula: PV = (C * (1 - (1 + y)^(-n)) / y) + (F / (1 + y)^n)

Theorems

Present Value of Cash Flows
Discounting Future Cash Flows

Suitable Grade Level

Undergraduate Finance or Business Courses