Math Problem Statement

Compute the energy per cm squared for a ideal blackbody at 300K

Compute the energy a photon at 0.55 microns carries

Compute the number of photons from an LED emitting 10W of light at 0.65 microns (see the in class example from Week 2)

Compute the average emissivity of an opaque object with an average albedo of 0.5 in the visible spectrum

Compute the peak wavelength for a blackbody at 2000K, 5000K, and 10000

Solution

Let's compute each of these values step by step:

1. Energy per cm² for a blackbody at 300 K

We can use the Stefan-Boltzmann law to calculate the energy per unit area emitted by a blackbody: E=σT4E = \sigma T^4 Where:

  • σ\sigma is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, σ=5.67×108W/m2K4\sigma = 5.67 \times 10^{-8} \, \text{W/m}^2\text{K}^4
  • T=300KT = 300 \, \text{K}

Since the question asks for energy per cm², we need to convert the result from m² to cm² (1 m² = 10,000 cm²).

E=(5.67×108W/m2K4)(300K)4=σT4E = (5.67 \times 10^{-8} \, \text{W/m}^2\text{K}^4)(300 \, \text{K})^4 = \sigma T^4

Let me compute this for you.

2. Energy of a photon at 0.55 microns

The energy of a photon is given by: E=hcλE = \frac{hc}{\lambda} Where:

  • h=6.626×1034J\cdotpsh = 6.626 \times 10^{-34} \, \text{J·s} is Planck's constant
  • c=3×108m/sc = 3 \times 10^8 \, \text{m/s} is the speed of light
  • λ=0.55μm=0.55×106m\lambda = 0.55 \, \mu m = 0.55 \times 10^{-6} \, \text{m} is the wavelength

Substitute the values into the equation to find the energy.

3. Number of photons from an LED emitting 10W of light at 0.65 microns

First, we calculate the energy of a single photon at 0.65 microns using the same formula: Ephoton=hcλE_{\text{photon}} = \frac{hc}{\lambda} Where λ=0.65μm=0.65×106m\lambda = 0.65 \, \mu m = 0.65 \times 10^{-6} \, \text{m}.

Next, we calculate the total number of photons emitted

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Thermodynamics
Photon Energy
Blackbody Radiation
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Albedo and Emissivity

Formulas

Stefan-Boltzmann law: E = σT^4
Photon energy: E = hc / λ
Emissivity: ε = 1 - albedo
Wien's displacement law: λ_max = b / T

Theorems

Stefan-Boltzmann law
Wien's displacement law

Suitable Grade Level

Undergraduate Physics