Math Problem Statement

Find an antiderivative of \(\frac{9x^3 + 5x^5}{x^6}\) in the variable \(x\) where \(x \neq 0\).

Solution

To find the antiderivative of the expression

9x3+5x5x6\frac{9x^{3} + 5x^{5}}{x^6}

we first simplify it by dividing each term in the numerator by x6x^6:

9x3x6+5x5x6=9x3+5x1\frac{9x^{3}}{x^6} + \frac{5x^{5}}{x^6} = 9x^{-3} + 5x^{-1}

Now we find the antiderivative of each term separately with respect to xx:

  1. For 9x39x^{-3}: 9x3dx=9x22=92x2\int 9x^{-3} \, dx = 9 \cdot \frac{x^{-2}}{-2} = -\frac{9}{2}x^{-2}

  2. For 5x15x^{-1}: 5x1dx=5lnx\int 5x^{-1} \, dx = 5 \ln |x|

Therefore, the antiderivative of the expression is:

92x2+5lnx+C-\frac{9}{2}x^{-2} + 5 \ln |x| + C

where CC is the constant of integration.


Would you like more details or have any questions?

Here are five related questions to deepen your understanding:

  1. How would the approach change if we were finding a definite integral over a specific interval?
  2. What are the rules for integrating functions with negative exponents?
  3. How would we handle integration if additional terms were added to the numerator?
  4. Why do we include an absolute value around xx when integrating x1x^{-1}?
  5. How can we verify that this antiderivative is correct by differentiation?

Tip: Always simplify expressions as much as possible before integrating to avoid complex calculations.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Calculus
Antiderivatives
Simplifying algebraic expressions
Logarithmic integration

Formulas

Power rule for antiderivatives: \(\int x^n \, dx = \frac{x^{n+1}}{n+1} + C\) for \(n \neq -1\)
Logarithmic rule for antiderivatives: \(\int \frac{1}{x} \, dx = \ln |x| + C\)

Theorems

Fundamental Theorem of Calculus

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12, College level Calculus