Math Problem Statement

A human-powered vehicle (HPV) team wants to model the acceleration during the 260-m sprint race (the first 60 m is called a flying start) using a=A−Cv2 , where a is acceleration in m/s2 and v is the velocity in m/s. From wind tunnel testing, they found that C=0.0012 m−1 . Knowing that the cyclist starts from rest and is going 100 km/h at the 260-meter mark, what is the value of A? (Round the final answer to three decimal places.)

Solution

We are given the equation for acceleration as:

a=ACv2a = A - Cv^2

where:

  • aa is acceleration in m/s²,
  • vv is velocity in m/s,
  • C=0.0012m1C = 0.0012 \, \text{m}^{-1},
  • the cyclist starts from rest and reaches a speed of 100 km/h at the 260-meter mark.

Step 1: Convert velocity to m/s

The final speed is given in km/h, but we need it in m/s. To convert from km/h to m/s:

v=100km/h×1000m/km3600s/h=27.78m/sv = 100 \, \text{km/h} \times \frac{1000 \, \text{m/km}}{3600 \, \text{s/h}} = 27.78 \, \text{m/s}

Step 2: Determine the acceleration at the 260-meter mark

The cyclist's acceleration at the 260-meter mark is zero because they are no longer accelerating (having reached a constant speed). So, at v=27.78m/sv = 27.78 \, \text{m/s}, we know that a=0a = 0. This allows us to solve for AA.

Substitute into the equation:

0=ACv20 = A - C v^2

A=Cv2A = C v^2

Step 3: Solve for AA

Substitute the values of C=0.0012m1C = 0.0012 \, \text{m}^{-1} and v=27.78m/sv = 27.78 \, \text{m/s}:

A=0.0012×(27.78)2A = 0.0012 \times (27.78)^2

Now, calculate:

A=0.0012×772.5A = 0.0012 \times 772.5

A0.927A \approx 0.927

Final Answer:

The value of AA is approximately 0.927 m/s².


Would you like any further details or clarifications on this solution? Here are some additional questions for further understanding:

  1. How does the equation a=ACv2a = A - Cv^2 model the deceleration due to air resistance in the context of cycling?
  2. Why do we assume a=0a = 0 at the 260-meter mark, and how does this relate to the concept of terminal velocity?
  3. How would the value of CC affect the overall acceleration of the cyclist at different speeds?
  4. What would happen to the acceleration if the cyclist's final speed was lower or higher than 100 km/h?
  5. How can we use similar models to estimate acceleration in other scenarios, like running or car racing?

Tip: When working with velocity-dependent acceleration models, remember that the acceleration is often reduced by the drag force at higher speeds, which is quadratic in nature.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Kinematics
Quadratic Relationships
Algebra

Formulas

a = A − Cv^2
v = 100 km/h × (1000 m/km) / (3600 s/h) = 27.78 m/s
A = Cv^2

Theorems

Relationship between acceleration and velocity in physics
Drag force proportional to the square of velocity

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12