The work done in a thermodynamic process depends on the nature of the process. For an isobaric process (constant pressure), the work done is calculated using the formula:

$W = P \Delta V$

where:

• $W$ is the work done,
• $P$ is the constant pressure during the isobaric process,
• $\Delta V = V_B - V_A$ is the change in volume between states $A$ and $B$.

Step 1: Extracting Data

From the problem:

• The vertical axis is scaled in multiples of $p$, where $p = 1.5 \, \text{atm}$.
• The horizontal axis is scaled in multiples of $V$, where $V = 3 \, \text{L}$.

Let $P_A = P_B$ (constant pressure during isobaric expansion): $P_A = n \cdot 1.5 \, \text{atm}$ where $n$ is the pressure value on the graph.

The change in volume, $\Delta V$, is: $\Delta V = (m_B - m_A) \cdot 3 \, \text{L}$ where $m_B$ and $m_A$ are the respective volume values on the graph.

Step 2: Work Done Calculation

Substitute these into the work formula: $W = P \Delta V = (n \cdot 1.5 \, \text{atm}) \cdot [(m_B - m_A) \cdot 3 \, \text{L}]$ Convert the units of pressure to $\text{J} / \text{L}$ (1 atm = 101.3 J/L): $W = (n \cdot 1.5 \cdot 101.3 \, \text{J/L}) \cdot [(m_B - m_A) \cdot 3 \, \text{L}]$ $W = 456 \cdot n \cdot (m_B - m_A) \, \text{J}$

Step 3: Plugging in Values

From the graph (values depend on the specific visual data you extract):

• $n$: Pressure multiplier for state $A$ and $B$,
• $m_B - m_A$: Volume multiplier difference between $A$ and $B$.

Please provide the specific multipliers from the graph so we can finalize the calculation.

---

Would you like further details on extracting values or concepts like isobaric processes?

Related Questions:

1. How is the work calculated for isothermal processes?
2. What changes in work calculation for adiabatic processes?
3. Why is work done only during volume changes?
4. How do we derive $W = P \Delta V$ for isobaric processes?
5. What happens to work done in isochoric processes?

Tip: Always check the units of pressure and volume to ensure the final answer is consistent!