Math Problem Statement

solve

If -xy - y^2 + 4 = 2x^2 and it is known that dy/dx = (y + 4x)/(x - 2y), find all coordinate points on the curve where x = -2 and the line tangent to the curve is vertical, or state that no such points exist.

Solution

We are given the equation:

xyy2+4=2x2-xy - y^2 + 4 = 2x^2

and the derivative of yy with respect to xx:

dydx=y+4xx2y\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{y + 4x}{x - 2y}

We are tasked with finding all points where x=2x = -2 and the tangent to the curve is vertical.

Step 1: Vertical Tangent Condition

A vertical tangent occurs when dxdy=0\frac{dx}{dy} = 0, which is equivalent to the denominator of the derivative dydx\frac{dy}{dx} being zero. From the given formula for dydx\frac{dy}{dx}, we have:

x2y=0x - 2y = 0

Thus, for a vertical tangent, we have:

x=2yx = 2y

Step 2: Substituting x=2x = -2 and x=2yx = 2y

We are specifically interested in the case where x=2x = -2, so let's substitute x=2x = -2 into the condition x=2yx = 2y:

2=2yy=1-2 = 2y \quad \Rightarrow \quad y = -1

Thus, we have the point (2,1)(-2, -1).

Step 3: Verify the Point Satisfies the Original Equation

Now, we need to verify whether the point (2,1)(-2, -1) satisfies the original equation xyy2+4=2x2-xy - y^2 + 4 = 2x^2. Substituting x=2x = -2 and y=1y = -1 into the equation:

(2)(1)(1)2+4=2(2)2-(-2)(-1) - (-1)^2 + 4 = 2(-2)^2

Simplifying:

21+4=81=8-2 - 1 + 4 = 8 \quad \Rightarrow \quad 1 = 8

This is false, meaning that the point (2,1)(-2, -1) does not satisfy the original equation.

Step 4: Conclusion

Since (2,1)(-2, -1) does not satisfy the original equation, there are no points on the curve where x=2x = -2 and the tangent is vertical.

Summary

There are no such points on the curve where x=2x = -2 and the tangent to the curve is vertical.

Would you like further details on any specific step?


Here are some follow-up questions:

  1. How do we determine if a tangent line is vertical in general?
  2. Can you explain the geometric significance of a vertical tangent line?
  3. What are some other ways to find critical points on a curve?
  4. How do we derive dydx\frac{dy}{dx} from implicit differentiation for such an equation?
  5. What are the conditions for a curve to have a horizontal tangent?

Tip: When dealing with implicit differentiation, always solve for dydx\frac{dy}{dx} before checking specific conditions (e.g., vertical tangents).

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Calculus
Implicit Differentiation
Derivatives

Formulas

dy/dx = (y + 4x)/(x - 2y)
Condition for vertical tangent: denominator of dy/dx = 0

Theorems

Implicit Differentiation Theorem

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12