Math Problem Statement

Determine the vertical movement of a rigid bar attached to two vertical rods (one made of steel and the other made of aluminum) when a load of P = 70 kN is applied at the center.

Solution

The image shows a problem involving a rigid bar ABAB supported by two vertical rods: one made of steel and the other made of aluminum. The bar is initially horizontal, and a vertical load P=70kNP = 70 \, \text{kN} is applied at the center of the bar. The task is to determine the vertical movement of the bar due to this load.

The parameters provided are as follows:

  • Steel rod:

    • Length, Ls=4mL_s = 4 \, \text{m}
    • Cross-sectional area, As=300mm2A_s = 300 \, \text{mm}^2
    • Modulus of elasticity, Es=200GPaE_s = 200 \, \text{GPa}
  • Aluminum rod:

    • Length, La=5mL_a = 5 \, \text{m}
    • Cross-sectional area, Aa=500mm2A_a = 500 \, \text{mm}^2
    • Modulus of elasticity, Ea=70GPaE_a = 70 \, \text{GPa}

The load is applied at the center of the rigid bar (distance of 2 m from each rod), and we need to calculate the deflection of the bar.

To approach this:

  1. Compatibility condition: Since the bar is rigid, the vertical deflection at both rods must result in equal displacements to maintain the bar's equilibrium.

  2. Equilibrium of forces: The sum of the forces in the vertical direction must equal the applied load P=70kNP = 70 \, \text{kN}.

  3. Deformation of each rod: The deformation δ\delta of each rod is given by the formula δ=PLAE\delta = \frac{PL}{AE}, where PP is the force in the rod, LL is the length, AA is the cross-sectional area, and EE is the modulus of elasticity.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Statics
Structural Mechanics
Material Deformation

Formulas

Deformation formula: δ = PL/AE
Force equilibrium: ΣF = 0
Compatibility condition for displacements

Theorems

Equilibrium of forces
Compatibility of deformations

Suitable Grade Level

Undergraduate Engineering