The correct answer is z-score.

When a data value is converted to a standardized scale representing the number of standard deviations the data value lies from the mean, this is called a z-score. The z-score allows for comparisons between different data points by showing how far away each point is from the mean in terms of standard deviations.

Would you like more details or have any questions?

Here are five related questions to deepen your understanding:

1. How is the z-score calculated for a data point?
2. What does a positive z-score indicate about a data point?
3. What does it mean if a z-score is zero?
4. How does the z-score relate to a normal distribution?
5. Can z-scores be used to compare data from different distributions?

Tip: Z-scores are particularly useful in identifying outliers in a data set.