Math Problem Statement

Show that the tangent to a cubic function at the midpoint of two intersection points passes through a third intersection point. Verify this for a specific cubic function and line, and generalize it for other cubic functions.

Solution

The question provided in the image relates to cubic functions, tangents, and intersections. Let’s break it into the corresponding parts to solve step-by-step:

Question Summary:

  1. A cubic function f(x)f(x) intersects a line \ell at three points x1,x2,x3x_1, x_2, x_3, and the midpoint m=x1+x22m = \frac{x_1 + x_2}{2}.
  2. It requires verifying this concept using specific examples and proving the tangent line properties, as outlined in the four parts (a–d).

Part (a)

Verify the result for:

  • f(x)=x3x22x+3f(x) = x^3 - x^2 - 2x + 3
  • Line: y=2x1y = 2x - 1, and the intersection points x1=2x_1 = -2, x2=1x_2 = 1, x3=2x_3 = 2.

We will:

  1. Solve f(x)=2x1f(x) = 2x - 1 to find x1,x2,x3x_1, x_2, x_3.
  2. Calculate m=x1+x22m = \frac{x_1 + x_2}{2}.
  3. Show the tangent at mm passes through (x3,f(x3))(x_3, f(x_3)).

Part (b)

Explain how a cubic function g(x)g(x) can be written in the form: g(x)=k(xx1)(xx2)(xx3)+(ax+b),kR.g(x) = k(x - x_1)(x - x_2)(x - x_3) + (ax + b), \quad k \in \mathbb{R}.

This requires using the structure of cubic polynomials and the intersection points.


Part (c)

Verify that the tangent to the cubic function g(x)g(x) at m=x1+x22m = \frac{x_1 + x_2}{2} passes through (x3,g(x3))(x_3, g(x_3)).


Part (d)

For the function h(x)=x32x+1h(x) = x^3 - 2x + 1 and the point P(2,5)P(2, 5):

  1. Find the tangent to h(x)h(x) that passes through PP.
  2. Explain how the line y=2x+1y = 2x + 1 helps determine the tangent point.

Would you like me to start with (a) or another part? Let me know!

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Cubic functions
Tangent lines
Intersection points

Formulas

Tangent line formula y = f'(x)(x - m) + f(m)
Midpoint formula m = (x1 + x2) / 2
Cubic function form g(x) = k(x - x1)(x - x2)(x - x3) + (ax + b)

Theorems

Properties of cubic functions
Differentiation rules

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12