The problem asks for the symbolic form of the statement:
"A student studies or misses lecture, and s/he has not passed."

Let's break it down using the provided propositions:

• p: A student studies.
• q: A student misses lecture.
• r: A student has passed.

The symbolic form of "A student studies or misses lecture" would be:
$p \lor q$ (since it's a disjunction "or").

The symbolic form of "s/he has not passed" would be:
$\neg r$ (since "not passed" negates the proposition "passed").

The full sentence is "A student studies or misses lecture, and s/he has not passed", which connects the two parts with "and." Therefore, we can combine them with the conjunction (AND) symbol, $\land$.

So, the full symbolic expression becomes:
$(p \lor q) \land \neg r$

Now, let's match this with the available options in the image:

1. $(p \lor q) \land \neg r$ is present as the first option.

Thus, the correct answer is the first option:
$(p \lor q) \land \neg r$

Would you like more details or have any further questions?

Here are 5 related questions to explore this further:

1. How do conjunctions and disjunctions work in symbolic logic?
2. Can you create a symbolic form for "A student studies and misses the lecture"?
3. How would the symbolic form change if "passed" was used in a positive way?
4. How does the negation operator work in symbolic logic?
5. How would you symbolize the statement: "A student neither studies nor misses lecture"?

Tip: When analyzing logical statements, always identify how connectors like "and," "or," and "not" are used to help map them correctly to symbolic forms.