Math Problem Statement

Find the area of the surface obtained by rotating the curve x = e^t - t, y = 4e^(t/2), 0 ≤ t ≤ 1 about the y-axis.

Solution

To solve the problem of finding the surface area of the curve rotated about the y-axis, we use the formula for the surface area of a curve rotated around the y-axis:

S=2πabx(dxdt)2+(dydt)2dtS = 2\pi \int_{a}^{b} x \sqrt{\left(\frac{dx}{dt}\right)^2 + \left(\frac{dy}{dt}\right)^2} \, dt

The curve is defined parametrically as: x=ett,y=4et/2,0t1x = e^t - t, \quad y = 4e^{t/2}, \quad 0 \leq t \leq 1

Steps:

  1. Find derivatives dx/dtdx/dt and dy/dtdy/dt:

    • For x=ettx = e^t - t: dxdt=et1\frac{dx}{dt} = e^t - 1
    • For y=4et/2y = 4e^{t/2}: dydt=2et/2\frac{dy}{dt} = 2e^{t/2}
  2. Compute the expression for (dxdt)2+(dydt)2\sqrt{\left(\frac{dx}{dt}\right)^2 + \left(\frac{dy}{dt}\right)^2}: (dxdt)2=(et1)2\left(\frac{dx}{dt}\right)^2 = (e^t - 1)^2 (dydt)2=(2et/2)2=4et\left(\frac{dy}{dt}\right)^2 = (2e^{t/2})^2 = 4e^t (dxdt)2+(dydt)2=(et1)2+4et\sqrt{\left(\frac{dx}{dt}\right)^2 + \left(\frac{dy}{dt}\right)^2} = \sqrt{(e^t - 1)^2 + 4e^t}

  3. Set up the integral for surface area: Substituting x=ettx = e^t - t: S=2π01(ett)(et1)2+4etdtS = 2\pi \int_{0}^{1} (e^t - t) \sqrt{(e^t - 1)^2 + 4e^t} \, dt

  4. Solve the integral: This integral does not have a closed-form solution, so it would typically be evaluated numerically.

Let me know if you’d like me to compute the numerical value of the integral or explain the numerical process further.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Surface Area of Revolution
Parametric Equations
Calculus

Formulas

Surface area about y-axis: S = 2π ∫ x √((dx/dt)^2 + (dy/dt)^2) dt

Theorems

Calculus Integration Techniques

Suitable Grade Level

Undergraduate Calculus