Math Problem Statement

What is the sum of the binomial coefficients from i = 1 to 2022 for \( \binom{2023}{i} \)?

Solution

The provided image contains a mathematical expression. Let me transcribe it:

It asks for "a soma de" (the sum of): i=12022(2023i)\sum_{i=1}^{2022} \binom{2023}{i}

Solution:

The given expression is the sum of binomial coefficients from i=1i = 1 to i=2022i = 2022, where (2023i)\binom{2023}{i} represents the binomial coefficient, defined as:

(2023i)=2023!i!(2023i)!\binom{2023}{i} = \frac{2023!}{i! (2023-i)!}

Property of Binomial Coefficients:

There is a well-known property of binomial coefficients:

i=0n(ni)=2n\sum_{i=0}^{n} \binom{n}{i} = 2^n

For this specific case, n=2023n = 2023, so:

i=02023(2023i)=22023\sum_{i=0}^{2023} \binom{2023}{i} = 2^{2023}

However, the question only asks for the sum from i=1i = 1 to i=2022i = 2022, excluding the terms for i=0i = 0 and i=2023i = 2023. The binomial coefficients for i=0i = 0 and i=2023i = 2023 are both equal to 1 ((20230)=(20232023)=1\binom{2023}{0} = \binom{2023}{2023} = 1).

Thus:

i=12022(2023i)=22023(20230)(20232023)\sum_{i=1}^{2022} \binom{2023}{i} = 2^{2023} - \binom{2023}{0} - \binom{2023}{2023}

Substituting (20230)=1\binom{2023}{0} = 1 and (20232023)=1\binom{2023}{2023} = 1:

i=12022(2023i)=2202311=220232\sum_{i=1}^{2022} \binom{2023}{i} = 2^{2023} - 1 - 1 = 2^{2023} - 2

Final Answer:

The sum is:

220232\boxed{2^{2023} - 2}

Let me know if you'd like a detailed explanation of any part of the solution! 😊


Follow-up Questions:

  1. What are binomial coefficients, and how are they calculated?
  2. How does the property i=0n(ni)=2n\sum_{i=0}^{n} \binom{n}{i} = 2^n arise from the binomial theorem?
  3. How can binomial sums be used in combinatorics and probability?
  4. What is the value of 220232^{2023} approximately, and how can it be computed efficiently?
  5. How does this problem connect to Pascal’s Triangle?

Tip:

When working with binomial coefficients, remember that symmetry can often simplify sums: (ni)=(nni)\binom{n}{i} = \binom{n}{n-i}.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Binomial Coefficients
Summation
Binomial Theorem

Formulas

Binomial coefficient: \( \binom{n}{r} = \frac{n!}{r!(n-r)!} \)
Sum of binomial coefficients: \( \sum_{i=0}^n \binom{n}{i} = 2^n \)

Theorems

Binomial Theorem
Properties of Binomial Coefficients

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12 and above (Advanced High School or College Level)